Physics II Lab 1 Report
docx
School
California Baptist University *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
203
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
4
Uploaded by GrandGoose2704
Ethan Davidson, Weihao Wang, Bryan Luna, Timothy Allec
1/30/2024
PHY203-A
Lab 1: Buoyancy and Ideal Gas Law
Purpose: The lab aims to explore fundamental principles of fluid dynamics and gas behavior, including temperature-density relationships and the Ideal Gas Law. Through a solar tube experiment demonstrating buoyancy and an Ideal Gas Law test with a gas syringe, students investigate the effects of temperature on air density and correlate volume, temperature, and pressure to enhance their understanding of these key physics concepts.
Part 1 Results:
Solar Tube empty mass: 451g
Air Temperature: 13 C
Solar Tube dimensions (w x l) : 96in x 59.5 ft
Length initial: 59ft
Length of filled tube: 57ft
Circumference of filled tube: 6.3ft, Diameter = 60cm
Part 2 Results: Table 1: Constant Temperature
Volume (cc)
Pressure (kPa)
1
40.0
108.2 2
19.0
184.2
V0 (Additional Volume) = 10.86 cc
(V1 + V0)/ (V2 + V0) = P2/P1 Table 2: Varying Temperature
Volume (cc)
Pressure (kPa)
Temperature (K)
Initial 50.9
108.2
298.0
Peak
29.9
198.1
306.9
Graph from Pascal showing data collection for Part 2
Part 1 Question #1: Initially, the mass of the filled tube, when filled with cool air near the ground, is essentially the mass of the tube itself plus the mass of the cool air inside. At take-off, As the solar tube absorbs heat and expands, the volume increases, displacing a larger mass of air. The buoyant force becomes greater than the weight of the tube, leading to take-off. At this point, the mass of displaced air is greater than the mass of the initially filled tube. When floating, the buoyant force is holding the tube in the air, and the mass of the displaced air continues to be greater than the mass of the tube. The system reaches equilibrium, and the tube remains suspended in the air.
Part 1 Question #2.: How does the temperature of the environment affect our ability to get the Solar Tubes to float upwards?
The temperature of the environment plays a crucial role in the experiment. Warmer temperatures cause the air inside the solar tube to expand, reducing its density. This results in a larger volume of air being displaced, leading to a greater buoyant force. Therefore, higher temperatures enhance the ability of the solar tube to float upwards. Cooler temperatures would have the opposite effect, reducing the buoyant force and making it more difficult for the tube to float.
Part 1 Question #3. Would this experiment work as well on a cloudy day? What are the preferred weather conditions?**
The experiment's success is influenced by the availability of solar radiation. The buoyant force is
dependent on the expansion of air inside the solar tube, which, in turn, relies on heat absorption from the sun. On a cloudy day, reduced solar radiation limits the heat absorbed by the tube, resulting in less air expansion and a weaker buoyant force. The preferred weather conditions for the experiment involve clear and sunny days with abundant sunlight. In these conditions, the solar tube can absorb sufficient heat, causing significant air expansion and facilitating the upward movement of the tube.
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Part 2 Question #1: When the piston presses down quickly, the piston pushes the air so that the air molecules move violently causing the temperature to rise, and the change in temperature causes the pressure inside the tube to be higher, resulting in a pressure of more than 200 KPa. When the molecular activity is stabilized, the temperature drops so that the pressure is stabilized.
Part 2 Question #2:
The temperature remains constant, but the gas is compressed while the gas mass remains constant. According to PV=NRT, the smaller the volume, the higher the pressure.
Part 2 Question #3:
When the piston is released, the gas falls rapidly in temperature due to the pressure pushing the piston up until equilibrium with atmospheric pressure. According to PV=NRT, the mass remains constant, the pressure decreases, and the temperature decreases accordingly.
Part 2 Question #4: The Ideal Gas Law states that the quantity:
PV / T = constant
Use your Table 2 values to calculate the ratio:
(P1*V1) / T1 = ?
P1 * V1 / T1 = (108.2kPa * 50.9cc) / 298.0 K = 18.5
Use your Table 2 values to calculate the ratio:
(P2*V2) / T2 = ?
P2 * V2 / T2 = (198.1kPa * 29.86) / 306.9 K = 10.3
The two ratios are not the same, and the percent difference is 56.9%
Conclusion: In conclusion, the laboratory experiment successfully investigated fundamental principles of fluid dynamics and gas behavior, specifically focusing on temperature-density relationships and the Ideal Gas Law. The solar tube experiment and gas syringe test provided valuable insights into
the effects of temperature on air density and the correlation between volume, temperature, and pressure. The data obtained from Table 2, which represents varying temperatures, demonstrated the dynamic relationship between these variables. The observations and analysis of the questions posed during the experiment underscored the significance of molecular activity and its impact on
temperature and pressure changes within the system. Additionally, the application of the Ideal Gas Law to calculate ratios from Table 2 values revealed a notable percent difference, emphasizing the need for careful consideration and understanding of these fundamental physics concepts in real-world scenarios. This lab not only enhanced our comprehension of fluid dynamics and gas behavior but also emphasized the practical implications and applications of the
Ideal Gas Law in explaining the observed phenomena.
Related Documents
Related Questions
Part IV: Relationships Between Gas Variables
Scientists in the late 1800’s noted relationships between many of the state variables related to gases (pressure, volume, temperature), and the number of gas particles in the sample being studied. They knew that it was easier to study relationships if they varied only two parameters at a time and “fixed” (held constant) the others. Use the simulation (PhET) to explore these relationships.
Variables
Constant Parameters
Relationship
Proportionality
(see hint below)
pressure, volume
Pressure- 11.8 atm
Particle- 100
Inversely proportional
directly proportional
or
inversely proportional
volume, temperature
directly proportional
or
inversely proportional
volume, number of gas particles
directly proportional
or
inversely proportional
Hint: A pair of variables is directly proportional when they vary in the same way (one increases and the other also increases). A pair of variables is…
arrow_forward
Part IV: Relationships Between Gas Variables
Scientists in the late 1800’s noted relationships between many of the state variables related to gases (pressure, volume, temperature), and the number of gas particles in the sample being studied. They knew that it was easier to study relationships if they varied only two parameters at a time and “fixed” (held constant) the others. Use the simulation to explore these relationships.
Variables
Constant Parameters
Relationship
Proportionality
(see hint below)
pressure, volume
directly proportional
or
inversely proportional
volume, temperature
directly proportional
or
inversely proportional
volume, number of gas particles
directly proportional
or
inversely proportional
Hint: A pair of variables is directly proportional when they vary in the same way (one increases and the other also increases). A pair of variables is inversely proportional when they vary in opposite ways (one…
arrow_forward
Applications of physical chemistry to daily life
arrow_forward
The model of ideal gases shown above is useful because it _______.
a: helps us understand nonideal gas behavior.
b: predicts the behavior of other phases of matter.
c: shows a linear relation between gas pressure and volume.
a: accurately approximates the properties of most gas molecules.
arrow_forward
Not for a grade!!!
arrow_forward
BIOL 1603: Org & Evol - Google x A ALEKS - Katie Matthews - Grac x Content
app.101edu.co
→ C
esc
1
F1
A glass container was initially charged with 1.50 moles of a gas
sample at 5.00 atm and 21.7 °C. Some of the gas was released as the
temperature was increased to 33.1 °C, so the final pressure in the
container was reduced to 1.50 atm. How many moles of the gas
sample are present at the end?
Q
2
F2
W
#
3
80
E
$
4
F4
R
%
675
뽀
F5
T
6
X
Question 38 of 66
F6
Y
Aktiv Chemistry
&
7
F7
U
* 00
8
DII
F8
(
1
9
X a Amazon.com: wireles
F9
0
1 2
4
7
+/-
0
7
F10
5
8
P
arrow_forward
1. Prove that 1 L = 1 x 19-3 m3
2. Calculate the number of moles of an ideal gas given
the following: P = 743.3 Torr; V = 262.84 mL;
T= 100°C; R = 8.314 Pa-m3 / mol·K
(HINT: Use Ideal Gas equation (PV = nRT) and SI Units.
%3D
3. Plot the following using MS Excel:
a) Volume (mL) vs Pressure (kPa)
b) 1/volume vs Pressure
Given the following data:
V (mL)
P (kPa)
15
16
14
12
10
8
6
100
95
105
118
131
139
180
arrow_forward
Does the data from my lab verify Boyles law? Please explain
arrow_forward
10-53 A diver, originally 20 m below the sur-
face, ascends, expelling air as she rises to keep
her lung volume constant. The air bubbles rise
faster than she does. If her lung volume is
2.4 litres, what is the total volume of expelled air
in the bubbles at the water surface? (The pressure
changes by l'atm for each 10.3 m of depth change
in water)
arrow_forward
we use Pv=nRT. Everything here should be related to H2 (g) --> Chemical equation1Mg +2 HCl à MgCl2 +H2(g)
From video : mass of Mg =.0407 g
H2 gas volume = 38.2ml
Temperature of room=24.0 +273=297k
Total Pressure of the room = 30.01 in mmHg
Calculations: find total pressure from barometer and convert it to mmHg,
1 in =2.54 cm and 25.4 mm
30.01 in mmHg x 25.4 mm Hg =762.3 mmHg total pressure of room
1in mmHg
First step- convert g of Mg to mol of H2
0.0407g Mg x 1mol/24 gx 1molH2 = 0.00169mol
1mol Mg
Second step: Total pressure of gas = Pressure of H2 + P of water
762.3 = p H2 + 22.4 FROM reference (canvas)=Pressure of water at 24 C= 22.4 mmHg
n= 0.00169mol H2
Pressure of H2= 762.3-22.4= 739.854 x 1atm/760= 0.973 atm H2
Volume of H2= 38.2 ml /1000 =0.038L H2
Temp= 297K
anwer this quesions with the information provide:
Using PV=nRT, Find R=? (No R averge needed) à 0.973X0.0382=0.00169XRx 297 0.0372=0.50R
Then, Percent error…
arrow_forward
Please help with question 2 a-c
arrow_forward
Part C Calculate the relative difference of the real (van-der-
Waals) gas pressure to the ideal gas pressure under these
conditions in %. Assume the ideal gas pressure to be 100%. By
how many % does the predicted pressure increase (positive
answer) or decrease (negative answer) upon the use of the van -
der - Waals corrections compared to the ideal gas law? Express
your answer as a percentage with 3 significant figures. For carbon
dioxide gas (CO₂), the constants in the van der Waals equation
3
3
m
are a = 0.364J*ol² and b = 4.27 x 10 -ol.
-5m
m
m
For carbon dioxide gas (CO₂), the constants in the van der Waals equation are a 0.364 J-m³/mol and b= 4.27 x 10 m³/mol.
arrow_forward
25 a. A chemist collects an unknown gas. Its volume is 0.865L at 17°C and 145
kPa. How many moles of gas are collected?
Your answer
25 b. If the mass of the gas is determined to be 0.830 g, what is the molar mass?
Your answer
25 c. The chemist believes that the gas could either be CO, CH,, or Cl,. What is
the most likely identity of the gas?
Your answer
arrow_forward
Hydrogen produced from a hydrolysis reaction was collected over water. The data is compiled in the table.
Total volume of H₂(g) collected
95.24 mL
Temperature
24.0 °C
739 mmHg
22.5 mmHg
Barometric pressure
Vapor pressure of water at 24.0 °C
Calculate the moles of hydrogen gas produced by the reaction.
$
4
R
moles:
x10
TOOLS
%
5
T
G
6
Y
MacBook Pro
H
&
7
U
J
*
8
-
(
9
K
O
)
0
L
P
mol H₂
+
{
لالها
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you

Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079250
Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Physical Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133958437
Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
Related Questions
- Part IV: Relationships Between Gas Variables Scientists in the late 1800’s noted relationships between many of the state variables related to gases (pressure, volume, temperature), and the number of gas particles in the sample being studied. They knew that it was easier to study relationships if they varied only two parameters at a time and “fixed” (held constant) the others. Use the simulation (PhET) to explore these relationships. Variables Constant Parameters Relationship Proportionality (see hint below) pressure, volume Pressure- 11.8 atm Particle- 100 Inversely proportional directly proportional or inversely proportional volume, temperature directly proportional or inversely proportional volume, number of gas particles directly proportional or inversely proportional Hint: A pair of variables is directly proportional when they vary in the same way (one increases and the other also increases). A pair of variables is…arrow_forwardPart IV: Relationships Between Gas Variables Scientists in the late 1800’s noted relationships between many of the state variables related to gases (pressure, volume, temperature), and the number of gas particles in the sample being studied. They knew that it was easier to study relationships if they varied only two parameters at a time and “fixed” (held constant) the others. Use the simulation to explore these relationships. Variables Constant Parameters Relationship Proportionality (see hint below) pressure, volume directly proportional or inversely proportional volume, temperature directly proportional or inversely proportional volume, number of gas particles directly proportional or inversely proportional Hint: A pair of variables is directly proportional when they vary in the same way (one increases and the other also increases). A pair of variables is inversely proportional when they vary in opposite ways (one…arrow_forwardApplications of physical chemistry to daily lifearrow_forward
- The model of ideal gases shown above is useful because it _______. a: helps us understand nonideal gas behavior. b: predicts the behavior of other phases of matter. c: shows a linear relation between gas pressure and volume. a: accurately approximates the properties of most gas molecules.arrow_forwardNot for a grade!!!arrow_forwardBIOL 1603: Org & Evol - Google x A ALEKS - Katie Matthews - Grac x Content app.101edu.co → C esc 1 F1 A glass container was initially charged with 1.50 moles of a gas sample at 5.00 atm and 21.7 °C. Some of the gas was released as the temperature was increased to 33.1 °C, so the final pressure in the container was reduced to 1.50 atm. How many moles of the gas sample are present at the end? Q 2 F2 W # 3 80 E $ 4 F4 R % 675 뽀 F5 T 6 X Question 38 of 66 F6 Y Aktiv Chemistry & 7 F7 U * 00 8 DII F8 ( 1 9 X a Amazon.com: wireles F9 0 1 2 4 7 +/- 0 7 F10 5 8 Parrow_forward
- 1. Prove that 1 L = 1 x 19-3 m3 2. Calculate the number of moles of an ideal gas given the following: P = 743.3 Torr; V = 262.84 mL; T= 100°C; R = 8.314 Pa-m3 / mol·K (HINT: Use Ideal Gas equation (PV = nRT) and SI Units. %3D 3. Plot the following using MS Excel: a) Volume (mL) vs Pressure (kPa) b) 1/volume vs Pressure Given the following data: V (mL) P (kPa) 15 16 14 12 10 8 6 100 95 105 118 131 139 180arrow_forwardDoes the data from my lab verify Boyles law? Please explainarrow_forward10-53 A diver, originally 20 m below the sur- face, ascends, expelling air as she rises to keep her lung volume constant. The air bubbles rise faster than she does. If her lung volume is 2.4 litres, what is the total volume of expelled air in the bubbles at the water surface? (The pressure changes by l'atm for each 10.3 m of depth change in water)arrow_forward
- we use Pv=nRT. Everything here should be related to H2 (g) --> Chemical equation1Mg +2 HCl à MgCl2 +H2(g) From video : mass of Mg =.0407 g H2 gas volume = 38.2ml Temperature of room=24.0 +273=297k Total Pressure of the room = 30.01 in mmHg Calculations: find total pressure from barometer and convert it to mmHg, 1 in =2.54 cm and 25.4 mm 30.01 in mmHg x 25.4 mm Hg =762.3 mmHg total pressure of room 1in mmHg First step- convert g of Mg to mol of H2 0.0407g Mg x 1mol/24 gx 1molH2 = 0.00169mol 1mol Mg Second step: Total pressure of gas = Pressure of H2 + P of water 762.3 = p H2 + 22.4 FROM reference (canvas)=Pressure of water at 24 C= 22.4 mmHg n= 0.00169mol H2 Pressure of H2= 762.3-22.4= 739.854 x 1atm/760= 0.973 atm H2 Volume of H2= 38.2 ml /1000 =0.038L H2 Temp= 297K anwer this quesions with the information provide: Using PV=nRT, Find R=? (No R averge needed) à 0.973X0.0382=0.00169XRx 297 0.0372=0.50R Then, Percent error…arrow_forwardPlease help with question 2 a-carrow_forwardPart C Calculate the relative difference of the real (van-der- Waals) gas pressure to the ideal gas pressure under these conditions in %. Assume the ideal gas pressure to be 100%. By how many % does the predicted pressure increase (positive answer) or decrease (negative answer) upon the use of the van - der - Waals corrections compared to the ideal gas law? Express your answer as a percentage with 3 significant figures. For carbon dioxide gas (CO₂), the constants in the van der Waals equation 3 3 m are a = 0.364J*ol² and b = 4.27 x 10 -ol. -5m m m For carbon dioxide gas (CO₂), the constants in the van der Waals equation are a 0.364 J-m³/mol and b= 4.27 x 10 m³/mol.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Physical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,

Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079250
Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Physical Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133958437
Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,