Ch 02 Review Questions-Draft

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Chemistry

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Dec 6, 2023

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1 Chapter 2 2.1 Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following is a particle found in the nucleus of an atom and that has no electrical charge? A) electron B) neutron C) element D) proton E) isotope 2) Matter composed of a single type of atom is known as a(n) A) element. B) mineral. C) molecule. D) compound. E) electron. 3) A stable atom has ________ in its valence shell. A) 4 electrons B) 2 neutrons C) 8 electrons D) 8 protons E) 10 electrons 4) Which parts of the atoms interact in a chemical reaction? A) protons B) neutrons C) ions D) electrons E) isotopes 5) The outer ring in Figure 2-1 represents A) an electron. B) the nucleus. C) an isotope. D) an electron shell. E) a neutron.

2 6) The valence of an atom represents its A) ability to interact with other atoms. B) electronegativity. C) radioactivity. D) ability to attract electrons. E) ability to interact with water. 7) The type(s) of bonds produced when atoms share electrons equally is/are A) a nonpolar covalent bond. B) a hydrogen bond. C) an ionic bond. D) a polar covalent bond. E) both polar covalent and ionic bonds. 8) The type(s) of bond produced when atoms with somewhat different electronegativities share electrons is/are A) a nonpolar covalent bond. B) a polar covalent bond. C) an ionic bond. D) a hydrogen bond. E) both nonpolar covalent and ionic bonds. 9) A research microbiologist wants to determine whether a microbe can metabolize a new synthetic organic molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Which of the following would be useful in tracing the fate of the compound? A) the 14 C isotope B) the 2 H isotope C) the 13 C isotope D) the 12 C isotope E) a 13 C + ion. 10) Unstable isotopes can be useful A) catalysts. B) in medical diagnosis. C) in vitamins. D) in the formation of hydrogen bonds. E) as buffers. 11) Which of the following is a CORRECT pairing of metabolic terms? A) dehydration: decomposition B) catabolism: endothermic C) hydrolysis: decomposition D) synthesis: catabolism E) synthesis: exothermic 12) Compounds that readily dissociate in water are A) nonpolar.

3 B) ionic. C) polar. D) either polar or ionic. E) never polar or ionic. 13) Which of the following is a property of water? A) It has a high capacity for heat. B) It is not a common reactant in metabolic reactions. C) It is not a good solvent. D) It is liquid in a very narrow temperature range. E) It is a nonpolar molecule. 14) An acid dissociates in water to release A) hydrogen ions. B) cations. C) hydroxyl groups. D) anions. E) both anions and hydrogen ions. 15) The reverse of a dehydration synthesis reaction is a(n) ________ reaction. A) anabolic B) exchange C) hydrolysis D) endothermic E) metabolic 16) A hydroxyl ________ acts as a base. A) group B) anion C) atom D) cation E) salt 17) The chemical formula of a solid indicates it contains two groups with different electronegativities. This substance is most likely A) a mixture. B) a salt. C) a nonpolar molecule. D) radioactive. E) non-ionic. 18) You are performing an experiment in your chemistry lab class. The directions advise caution because the reaction is exothermic. Which of the following is the hazard the directions warn about? A) The reaction will generate radiation. B) The reaction will produce a noxious vapor. C) The reaction may cause the container to become dangerously hot. D) The reaction may cause the container to freeze and break.

4 E) The reaction will generate enough light to require eye protection. 19) The reaction described below is consistent with A) a synthesis reaction. B) a catabolic reaction. C) a decomposition reaction. D) an exchange reaction. E) both synthesis and decomposition. 20) Nucleic acid polymers, proteins, and complex carbohydrates are all produced by A) hydrolytic reactions. B) dehydration synthesis. C) exchange reactions. D) hydrogen bonding. E) catabolic reactions. 21) Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide? A) glycogen B) glucose C) fructose D) deoxyribose E) sucrose 22) Research suggests taking antacids may make people more susceptible to infection with Vibrio vulnificus by making the stomach environment more tolerable to the bacteria. Based on this information and the name "antacid," which of the following are antacids likely to be? A) acids B) bases C) non-polar compounds D) buffers E) either base or buffer 23) All of the following are components of an amino acid EXCEPT a(n) A) carboxyl group. B) pentose group. C) amino group. D) α-carbon. E) R group. 24) Which of the following is found in nucleic acids? A) amino groups B) carboxylic acid C) purines D) glycerol E) R group 25) Hydrogen bonds are found in all of the following EXCEPT

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