LT2 - Nomenclature

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Pennsylvania State University *

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Chemistry

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Dec 6, 2023

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CHEM 210B Day ____ Date: ___/___/2023 LT2: Nomenclature Page 1 LT2: O RGANIC N OMENCLATURE A working knowledge of organic compound naming can be extremely useful – whether while taking CHEM 213 (the lab course) or deciphering ingredients in products you use or consume. After the class session, you will have learned the systematic method of naming organic compounds of selected families. This method is the IUPAC system . Learning Objectives By the end of this worksheet you will be able to: 2.1 Draw structures of organic compounds from the IUPAC nam 2.2 Use the IUPAC rules to name an organic compound. Reading and Video Connections • Nomenclature: Ch. 2: 2.3-4a (alkanes and cycloalkanes); Ch. 5: 5.2 (alkenes); Ch. 7: 7.2 (alkynes), Ch. 8: 8.1-2 (alkyl halides), Ch. 10: 10.1 (alcohols), Ch. 11: 11.2 (ethers), Ch. 16: 16.2 (aldehydes and ketones), Ch. 17: 17.2 (carboxylic acids), Ch. 18: 18.1 (amides, esters) Key Terms (come back to define these) • IUPAC nomenclature

CHEM 210B Day ____ Date: ___/___/2023 LT2: Nomenclature Page 2 Functional Groups in a Flash! 1. Name the functional groups / families depicted below! 2. Now apply those ‘definitions’ to actual organic molecules – some are monofunctional and others are multifunctional! O N H O O O NH 2 HO O O H O OH

CHEM 210B Day ____ Date: ___/___/2023 LT2: Nomenclature Page 3 Is the systematic method of naming organic compounds similar from family to family? The format of an organic compound’s IUPAC name is: substituent - parent - suffix Substituents: groups bonded to the parent chain Parent chain : the longest, continuous carbon chai n Suffix: the highest priority family 1. When learning to name organic compounds, it’s best to start out by drawing the compound from its IUPAC name. Try it with your team! 5-ethyl-2-methyl hept ane alkyl substituents # Cs substituents 1 methyl 2 ethyl 3 propyl 4 butyl Suffix Family Suffix alkane -ane alkene -ene alkyne -yne amine -amine alcohol -ol ketone -one aldehyde -al amide -amide ester -oate carboxylic acid -oic acid Parent chain # Cs parent name 1 meth 2 eth 3 prop 4 but 5 pent 6 hex 7 hept 8 oct 9 non 10 dec

CHEM 210B Day ____ Date: ___/___/2023 LT2: Nomenclature Page 4 a. What information do the numbers within the name communicate? Is there another way to number the substituents? b. What can you tell about the order of the substituents in the name? Some substituents have their own branching and have common names for simplicity. The arrow indicates the point of attachment to the parent chain. We will only cover these common names. The names of the substituents above come from the substitution of the carbon atom at the point of attachment. a. A primary carbon has carbon groups. b. A secondary carbon has carbon groups. c. A tertiary carbon has carbon groups. d. A quaternary carbon has carbon groups. propyl isopropyl isobutyl tert- butyl sec- butyl butyl phenyl

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