Goody's acid base AC
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Dec 6, 2023
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Goody’s Acid-Base Powder Extraction
N
ame: Aliyah Carmichael
Chem 2123-002
Abstract
This acid-base experiment’s purpose was to extract 1400mg of Goody’s Tablets into four
components using solvents dichloromethane and ethanol and chemical properties to determine
aspirin and acetaminophen’s purity and percentage recovery.
The four ingredients are
aspirin, acetaminophen, caffeine, and a binder. These ingredients were isolated based on their
physical properties, such as solubility and density. The recovering results found were 2.84% &
200% for aspirin and acetaminophen, respectively.
Introduction
Goody’s Powder is an over-the-counter pain reliever that contains aspirin, acetaminophen,
caffeine, and a binder. A binder is a neutral substance that holds ingredients in a tablet
together after packing and shipage; the binder isn’t soluble in common organic solvents or
water.
The combination of aspirin, acetaminophen, and caffeine provide fast pain relief and
are all soluble. (figure 1)
Figure 1
The extraction process is when ingredients in a mixture are separated into pure components, which
can be through filtration, distillation, or chromatography. When it comes to the extraction in this
experiment of multiple substances that are smaller molecules, chemical reactivity and physical
properties such as solubility, polarity, and density are to be relied on. In this experiment, immiscible
(not able to be mixed) solvents are used for liquid-to-liquid extraction to extract compounds by
manipulating boiling points, breaking their intermolecular forces, resulting in a precipitate. A
separatory funnel is used for the separation process and drainage of the extracted compound. The
organic solvents used were dichloromethane and ethanol.
“Like dissolves like.” Solubility and density properties play a vital role in this acid-base reaction.
Figure 2 below provides an informative guide about the molecular weight and melting point of the
various components and their molecular structure that helps to identify whether they can act as an
acid or base compared to each other.
The pKa for aspirin is 3.49, and the pKa for acetaminophen is
9.71, proving that aspirin is more acidic than acetaminophen. While Aspirin
and caffeine were soluble in the dichloromethane. The binder and
acetaminophen were not, resulting in a crystal-like precipitate. Hot ethanol
was used to extract acetaminophen from the insoluble binder, and the
extraction process was repeated. Adding HCl to the aqueous base with
aspirin allowed aspirin to form an H-bonding interaction, causing aspirin to
reform into a solid.
Figure 3 displays the different compounds and their solubility in several
organic solvents. (Chloroform has similar atomicity and molecular shape as dichloromethane, with a
single chlorine atom difference) This experiment aimed to separate compounds using organic solvents
and the extraction technique to determine Asprin and acetaminophen percent recovery. It is
hypothesized to receive a 100% recovery of all ingredients.
Crystal like acetaminophen
and binder
Materials
Lab coats, safety goggles, and gloves were worn for safety.
1.
Goody’s Powder
2.
Dichloromethane
3.
Ethanol
4.
3M
N
aOH
5.
3m HCl
6.
Hot plate
7.
Watch glass
8.
Three beakers
9.
Sepatortory
10.
Funnel
11.
Filter paper
Figure 2
Figure 3
12.
Separatory funnel & glass stopper
13.
Ring stand and iron ring
14.
pH paper
Experimental Procedure
1.
A 1400mg sample of Goody’s Powders was weighed to start the experiment.
2.
Goody’s powder sample was added to a small Erlenmeyer flask.
3.
8mL of dichloromethane was added to the flask and warmed on the hot plate at 95 degrees C. Watch
glass placed on top to prevent evaporation.
4.
Boiled Goody’s and dichloromethane until caffeine and aspirin dissolved and a precipitate of
acetaminophen and binder was formed.
5.
The remaining solution was transferred into a new beaker labeled #1 and set aside.
The precipitate
solid was then transferred to filter paper.
6.
The precipitate was added to another beaker of 6mL of ethanol and set to a low boil.
7.
After the boil, the hot solution was gravity-filtered through filter paper into a funnel and rinsed with
hot ethanol.
8.
The insoluble binder left was collected, cooled, and weighed.
9.
The hot solution with ethanol is cooled, set aside, evaporated off ethanol, and recrystallized with
H2O as acetaminophen. This sample was collected, dried, and weighed.
10.
Return to beaker #1.
11.
The dichloromethane solution from beaker #1 is transferred into the separatory funnel
12.
Added 2mL of 3M
N
aOH into the separatory funnel and placed a glass stopper on top.
13.
Held stopper in place, inverted the funnel and shook funnel by to mix layers.
14.
Allowed solvent vapors to
escape by opening and closing
the stopcock. ( Done
frequently)
15.
Returned funnel to ring stand
and placed in an iron ring.
16.
Allowed solution to settle and
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• 10 mL of the above solution was diluted to 100 mL
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tem
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following is correct?
715 at 257 nm". Which of the
O a. An analyst can take 0.37g of the powdered tablets instead of
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O b. An analyst can replace NaOH with HCI
OC. An analyst can skip the shaking step
O d. B andC
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Below is the procedure described for determination of paracetamol according to BP:
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paracetamol to 50 ml of 0.1 M NaOH, dilute with water to 200 ml and shake for 15 min. Add
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O a. An analyst can take 0.37g of the powdered tablets instead of 0.35.
O b. An analyst can replace NAOH with HCI
C. An analyst can skip the shaking step
d. B and C
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O a. An analyst can take 0.37g of the powdered tablets instead of 0.35.
O b. An analyst can replace NaOH with HCl
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Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
0%
Continue
Submit Assignment
O2020 McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Accessibility
esc
80
DD
F2
F3
F4
F5
E7
F8
F9
F10
F11
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