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Relationship between osmosis and cystic fibrosis Muhammad A. Zahid Section 033 Instructor Madison Emery 10/19/2021 Introduction Cystic fibrosis is a disease that affects a majority of people in the United States. It is an autosomal recessive disease that is usually caused my mutations in a single gene. This disorder is usually inherited and can cause severe damage to the lungs, digestive system and many other important organs. Stuff that is primarily affected by cystic fibrosis are the sweat glands, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. On the other hand, osmosis is the movement of molecules from a region of high-water potential to a region of low water potential and vice versa. Both scientific terms are related to each other in a way and an experiment that was done can prove that. Discussion In the experiment that we conducted we tested to see whether the malfunctioning cell regulator for Cl- in people with cystic fibrosis will cause mucus to thicken in their airways. To do so, we filled 2 20cm soaked dialysis tubing with 10 mL of 150 mM NaCl solution and we filled another one with 4 m NaCl. We then placed both bags into 2 separate beakers that were filled with 150 mL of our 150 mM NaCl solution. We timed how long we put them in for and we measured the mass of them after several time intervals. (See table 1). After testing our results. We found that the percent and mass change from minutes 0 to minute 9 were all positive. However, from minutes 9 to minutes 12, our results showed a negative mass loss which shows that the mass of the liquid filled bags went down every 3 minutes when we measured how much each one was. We also saw that the percent change and the change in mass was significantly 1

higher in the 4 M NaCl solution than in the 150 mM NaCl solution. Our hypothesis was that there is a lack of water molecules that results in thickened mucus and causes cystic fibrosis. Time (Mins) 150 mM NaCl Solution 4 M NaCl Solution Mass (g) Change in mass (g) Percent change in mass Mass (g) Change in mass (g) Percent change in mass 0 11.8 -------- -------- 12.3 -------- -------- 3 13 1.2 6% 13 .7 5.7% 6 13 0 0% 13.6 .6 4.6% 9 13.8 .3 2.3% 14.2 .6 4.6% 12 12.8 -.5 -3.7% 14 -.2 -1.4% 15 12.8 0 0% 14 05.7 0% Table 1. This table shows the mass of each solution when placed in the NaCl solution and how the mass changes the more minutes it’s placed in the solution. Methods To figure out if this hypothesis was true, we performed the experiment and tried to see if the results matched up with the hypothesis. The results showed no real connection to what the hypothesis is trying to support. From 9 to 15 minutes, some of the results that were found turned out to be negative. If the mass of the bags went down after 6 minutes in the NaCl solution, this shows that there is no thickened mucus that caused cystic fibrosis. Also, the mass of the cystic fibrosis solution isn’t a larger in mass than the normal cell solution as the mass is an average of 1 2

gram heavier than the normal cell. If there was a production of mucus that caused cystic fibrosis, there would be a lot higher average mass (Figure 1). Figure 1. This table shows the values of all the percent changes as the minutes go from 3 to 12 for the normal cell (150 mM NaCl) and the cystic fibrosis cell (4M NaCl). 1 2 3 4 5 -6% -4% -2% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% Results In conclusion, we found, from doing our experiment, that our results don’t prove our hypothesis right. There is no real correspondence with any of our results. Our results don’t prove that there is a lack of water molecules that results in thickened mucus that results in cystic fibrosis. 3

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