ENGR_400_Module_5_Assignment

From the discussion question from Module 5, recall the chemical equation for the combustion of gasoline (iso-octane, C8H18) is: 2C8H18  +  25O2  --->  16CO2 + 18H2O This means that 2 moles of iso-octane combine with 25 moles of CO2 to produce 16 moles of CO2 and 18 moles of water. This is important for understanding the impact of fossil fuel use on the atmosphere because burning one mole of fuel adds a lot of CO2. Thinking about this in terms of the stoichiometry, and change in concentration, suppose we had 1.0 mole of iso-octane dissolved in 1.0 m3 of atmosphere. That means the concentration of carbon-containing molecules would be 1 mole per cubic meter. However, ff we burned all that iso-octane and convert the C8H18 into CO2 the concentration of carbon-containing molecules increases.  How much does the concentration of carbon-containing molecules increase if 1.0 mole of C8H18 in 1.0 m3 of air is converted into CO2 as shown in the chemical equation above?

The compound diborane (B2H6) was at one time considered for use as a rocket fuel. Its combustion reaction is B2H6(g) + 3 O2(l) → 2 HBO2(g) + 2 H2O(l) The fact that HBO2, a reactive compound, was produced rather than the relatively inert B2O3 was a factor in the discontinuation of the investigation of the diborane as a fuel. What mass of liquid oxygen (LOX) would be needed to burn 234.4 g of B2H6? Answer in units of g.

4a Assume that worldwide combustion of fossil fuel accounts for an energy use of 500 x 1015 kJ/year. Also, assume that all fossil fuels can be represented by the formula C3H5 with energy content of 32,500 kJ/kg.Finally, assume that air is 79% N2 and 21% O2 , and has a molecular weight of 29 kg/kmol. i. Estimate the annual release of CO2 to the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels, in kg/yr ii. If all that CO2 entered the atmosphere (and none was removed), estimate the increase in atmospheric concentration, in ppm by volume. Assume the atmosphere contains 6.7 x 1018 kg of air.

Assume that producing 1 unit of calcium requires 0.2 units of calcium, 0.1 units of hydrogen, and 0.2 units of sea salt; that producing 1 unit of hydrogen requires 0.2 units of calcium, 0.2 units of hydrogen, and 0.1 units of sea salt; and that producing 1 unit of sea salt requires 0.2 units of calcium, 0.1 units of hydrogen, and 0.1 units of sea salt. Find the production schedule that satisfies an external demand for 50 units of calcium, 38 units of hydrogen, and 17 units of sea salt. X = 出 田 曲

NIG 2 H₂(g) + O2(g) → 2 H₂O(g) IO AH°--241.8KJ, 促 ASO = -88.85. Assuming AHO=AH and AS-AS, calculate the temperature criterion for spontaneity. Indicate the min. or max temp. required for OROKA spontaneity. T₁S2T=AH HO For this ran, дно

5. Balance the following equation: The combustion of Butane Gas: C4H10  +    O2    --------->        CO2    +    H2O (water) answers are listed in order - 1st coefficient, 2nd coeficient, etc. and so on.     Group of answer choices a) 1,2,2,5 b) 2,6,4,5 c) 2,13,8,10 d) 1,6,4,5

The sun supplies energy at a rate of about 1.0 kilowatt per square meter of surface area (1 watt=1 J/s). The plants in an agricultural field produce the equivalent of 18 kg of sucrose (C12H22O11) per hour per hectare (1 ha=10,000meters squared). Assuming that sucrose is produced by the reaction 12CO2(g)+11H2O(l)>>>C12H22O11(s)+12O2(g) ?H= 5640kJ calculate the percentage of sunlight used to produce the sucrose – that is, determine the efficiency of photosynthesis in this field. Percent efficiency = %

||| ANAN Microsoft O V The extraction of aluminum metal from the aluminum hydroxide found in bauxite by the Hall-Héroult process is one of the most remarkable success stories of 19th century chemistry, turning aluminum from a rare and precious metal into the cheap commodity it is today. In the first step, aluminum hydroxide reacts to form alumina (Al₂O3) and water: 2Al(OH)3(s) → Al₂O3(s) + 3H₂O(g) W Microsoft CHEMICAL REACTIONS Reaction sequence stoichiometry Microsoft 6.52.210... esc In the second step, alumina (Al2O3) and carbon react to form aluminum and carbon dioxide: 2Al₂O3(s) + 3C(s) → 4Al(s) + 3 CO₂ (8) Suppose the yield of the first step is 91.% and the yield of the second step is 85.%. Calculate the mass of aluminum hydroxide required to make 6.0 kg of aluminum. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if needed, and is rounded to the correct number of significant digits. Explanation Check 9,269 Q x10 HH 103 X OCT 24 ロ・ロ S OOO tv NONZA © 2022 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights…

Hydrogen gas has the potential for use as a clean fuel inreaction with oxygen. The relevant reaction is2 H2(g) + O2(g) ---->2 H2O(l)Consider two possible ways of utilizing this reaction asan electrical energy source: (i) Hydrogen and oxygengases are combusted and used to drive a generator, muchas coal is currently used in the electric power industry;(ii) hydrogen and oxygen gases are used to generate electricitydirectly by using fuel cells that operate at 85 °C.(a) Calculate ΔH° and ΔS° forthe reaction. We will assume that these values do notchange appreciably with temperature. (b) Based on thevalues from part (a), what trend would you expect forthe magnitude of ΔG for the reaction as the temperatureincreases? (c) What is the significance of the change inthe magnitude of ΔG with temperature with respect to the utility of hydrogen as a fuel? (d) Based on the analysishere, would it be more efficient to use the combustionmethod or the fuel-cell method to generate electricalenergy from…

A large sport utility vehicle has a mass of 2500 kg.Calculate the mass of CO2 emitted into the atmosphere upon accelerating the SUV from 0.0 mph to 65.0 mph. Assume that the required energy comes from the combustion of octane (C8H18) with 30% efficiency. (Hint: Use KE = ½ mv2 to calculate the kinetic energy required for the acceleration and pay attention to units).

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When heated, calcium carbonate decomposes to yield calcium oxide and carbon dioxide gas via the reaction CaCO3(s)→CaO(s) + CO₂(g) What is the mass of calcium carbonate needed to produce 35.0 L of carbon dioxide at STP? Express your answer with the appropriate units. View Available Hint(s) mass of CaCO3 Submit = Part B 0 370.8 HÅ atm Previous Answers Request Answer X Incorrect; Try Again; 4 attempts remaining ? Butane, C4H10, is a component of natural gas that is used as fuel for cigarette lighters. The balanced equation of the complete combustion of butane is 2C4H10 (9) + 1302 (g)→8CO2 (g) + 10H₂O (1) At 1.00 atm and 23 °C, what is the volume of carbon dioxide formed by the combustion of 2.20 g of butane? Express your answer with the appropriate units.

If you have a gas furnace it is important to make sure that it is tuned up with a proper flow of oxygen. Without a proper flow of oxygen to the furnace, it can burn the natural gas (CH4) with some incomplete combustion. Why can it be so dangerous if your furnace is burning natural gas with incomplete combustion?

How much oxygen is needed to produce 105.2 kJ via the following reaction?2C2H6(g) + 7O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) ΔH=-3120 kJ/molMolar masses: C2H6: 30.07 g/mol; O2: 32.00 g/mol; CO2: 44.01 g/mol; H2O: 18.02 g/mol

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A typical coal-fired electric generating plant will burn about 3 metric tons of coal per hour. Most of the coal burned in the United States contains 1 to 4 % by weight sulfur in the form of pyrite, which is oxidized as the coal burns: 4FeS2(s) + 11 O₂(9) 2 Fe2O3(s) + 8 SO₂(9) Once in the atmosphere, the SO₂ is oxidized to SO3, which then reacts with water in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid: If 47.7 metric tons of coal that contains 3.80 % by weight S is burned and all of the sulfuric acid that Hint: 1 metric ton = 1000 kg SO3(g) + H₂O(1)→ H₂SO4(aq) formed rains down into a pond of dimensions 335 m x 285 m x 5.54 m, what is the pH of the pond? (OK to assume 2 mol H3O+ per mole H₂SO4.)