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Activities and Explorations: 10 points, Due Sunday Feb. 26, 11:59 PM
Claim, Evidence, Reasoning:
Buffers
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Learning Objectives
16.3 Buffer Solutions
Define a buffer.
Predict the relative pH change for a given buffer system after addition of
strong acid or strong base.
Instructions:
Work through the experiment below and determine which of the solution(s)
might be a buffer based upon the experimental data.
Imagine you have 50 mL of each of three solutions labeled A, B, C and you go about
carrying out the following experiments to determine which of the solutions possibly are
buffers.
The experimental set up for the test tubes is shown in Table 1 below and the
data gathered is in Table 2.
Table 1: Experimental Set Up.
Experimental procedure Part I
Experimental procedure Part II
1.
Remove 5 mL of each solution and
place it in a test tube and measure
the pH.
Data is recorded in Table 2
below.
3.
Obtain 3 new clean test tubes.
Remove 5 mL of each solution and
place it in a test tube.
2.
Add a small amount, 4-5 drops, of
0.001 M HCl to each test tube and
measure the pH.
The results are
shown in the Table 2.
4.
Add a small amount, 4-5 drops, of
0.001 M NaOH to each test tube and
measure the pH.
The results are
shown in the Table 2.
Table 2: Experimental Data for each Solution (A, B, and C).
Solution
A
B
C
Measured pH of 5 mL sample (step 1)
3.56
9.98
7.00
pH after addition of HCl (step 2)
3.48
9.90
1.63
pH after addition of NaOH (step 4)
3.64
10.08
12.30
A
C
B
1.
Which solution or solutions are buffers (this is your claim)?
A and B are the buffers due to the fact that they barely changed.
2.
Justify and explain your answer to #1 using the data in the table above and the
definition of a buffer. (You must include the definition of a buffer in your
response!)
Buffers can be defined as solutions that don’t change when acids or bases are
added. Based upon the chart you can see that solution A and B stayed mostly
consistent while exposed to both HCl which is an acid and NaOH which is a
base. Compared to solution C which has a drastic change when exposed to the
acids and bases.
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Related Questions
Second-degree Equation
Step 1. Copy the given table on your graphing paper, after your student details.
X (% concentration)
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
Y (oil separation)
5.10
3.60
2.60
2.00
1.40
1.00
Log Y
Step 2. Initially plot the x and y values on a regular graphing paper (or millimeter graphing paper - if available, preferred for precision). Label then connect the points to observe curved line.
Step 3. Since the line is curved, the y-intercept cannot be easily determined because you can’t exactly determine the direction of the line once extrapolated. To obtain a straight line, first, compute the logarithm values of all the y values up to the 2nd decimal place (for the purpose of easy plotting later) and fill in the table.
Step 4. On another graphing paper, plot then label the x and log y. Using a dotted line, extrapolate the straight line to the y axis. Label this point as “a” for the y-intercept.
Step 5.…
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Question 18
Consider the following reaction mechanism:
CH3OH(ag) + H*(ag) – CH3OH2*(ag)
CH;OH2*(ag) + Br(ag) → CH3Br(ag) + H2O(1)
Identify each species appropriately from the list below.
Question 18 options:
CH;Br(ag)
CH;OH(ag)
1.
reactant
H2O(1)
2.
product
H*(ag)
3.
intermediate
Br(ag)
4.
catalyst
CH;OH2*(ag)
Question 19
* Accessibility: Investigate
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Name:
Lab Section (Day & Time):
3361L
Molecular Modeling and Stereochemistry Worksheet
CHEM
Ground Rules:
1. You are required to build models for various tasks presented in this exercise. Molecular modeling programs are not
a substitute for 3-D hand-held molecular models.
2. You will be prompted to include a snapshot of your model with each task at the end of this worksheet. Read the
question carefully to construct and orient the models appropriately. Use your smartphone to take a picture of the
model you build, and insert it at the end of the handout with corresponding prompts. You will not get any credit for
this assignment without correct snapshots of the models you build.
3. Hand-write your responses for each task and insert the snapshots for various models at the end of this docuent. Save
the entire assignment as a single PDF. A consolidated PDF of the completed assignment (including relevant snapshots
of your models should be submitted…
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V. Error Analysis/Questions For the following questions explain what specific error in calculating your Ksp value would occur (i.e. would the Ksp be too HIGH or too LOW), compared to the situation in which no errors occur. When you answer the question, consider how the situation affects the calculation of Ksp. Each answer must have an explanation and type the answer, please.
A. The buret was not conditioned (it still had water in it) when you add the HCl. Would the Ksp be too HIGH or too LOW?
B. There was Ca(OH)2 solid (that was not filtered off) in your solution to be titrated. Would the Ksp be too HIGH or too LOW?
C. You measured 24.00 mL of Ca(OH)2 solution instead of 25.00 mL. Would the Ksp be too HIGH or too LOW?
D. The HCl concentration was actually lower than the reported molarity on the bottle. Would the Ksp be too HIGH or too LOW?
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CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Solving for a reactant using a chemical equation
3/5
Green plants use light from the Sun to drive photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction in which water (H₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂)
chemically react to form the simple sugar glucose (C6H₁2O6) and oxygen gas (0₂).
12
What mass of carbon dioxide is consumed by the reaction of 3.6 g of water?
Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
g
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Explanation
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Please answer the "what is wrong?" style question below and upload your answers to the Week 9
Monday/Tuesday groupwork for "completion credit. Just pdf scan (there is an app....many apps...for
that!) front and back to a pdf and upload. If you use 'add a page' - they can be in the same document!
Ok, so a "student" said this was the correct mechanism for this reaction.
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HO
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[5] INSTRUCTION: Base your answer and computation on the general chemical formula of cellular respiration. Show your computation or solution.
ATP
If there are 24 molecules of oxygen used in the whole process, how many molecules of this is also produced?
Final answer:
Solution:
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In your own words and in no more than three sentences, briefly discuss the two methods of how AH reaction can be calculated
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Take Test: Quiz 3 - Spectroscopy
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Question 19
The amount of energy in infrared (IR) light corresponds to:
the amount of energy needed to increase certain molecular motions, such as bond vibrations, in organic molecules
the amount of energy needed to strip a molecule of one electron to generate a cation radical
the amount of energy needed to promote one electron from a bonding to an antibonding molecular…
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1.
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Post-lab questions
1. Find the average reaction time for each experiment. Show your work for experiment 1.
Experiment Average Reaction Time (s)
1.
2.
3.
2. Calculate concentrations after mixing and then calculate the reaction rate. Show your
work for experiment 1 (more space for this on next page). NOTE: These are your
starting concentrations for the reaction.
[HSO;] (M)
Reaction Rate (M/s)
Experiment
[10,] (M)
1.
2.
3.
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- Second-degree Equation Step 1. Copy the given table on your graphing paper, after your student details. X (% concentration) 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 Y (oil separation) 5.10 3.60 2.60 2.00 1.40 1.00 Log Y Step 2. Initially plot the x and y values on a regular graphing paper (or millimeter graphing paper - if available, preferred for precision). Label then connect the points to observe curved line. Step 3. Since the line is curved, the y-intercept cannot be easily determined because you can’t exactly determine the direction of the line once extrapolated. To obtain a straight line, first, compute the logarithm values of all the y values up to the 2nd decimal place (for the purpose of easy plotting later) and fill in the table. Step 4. On another graphing paper, plot then label the x and log y. Using a dotted line, extrapolate the straight line to the y axis. Label this point as “a” for the y-intercept. Step 5.…arrow_forwardHelp please. I promise to give a feedback please..arrow_forwardW AutoSave O Search (Alt+Q) Off ASSIGNMENT 24.docx - raghav grover RG File Home Insert Draw Design Layout References Mailings Review View Help P Comments A Share O Find Lato v 18 - A A Aa v A No Spacing Heading 1 Heading : E Replace Normal Paste I U ab x, x A - Dictate Editor Reuse A Select v Files Undo Clipboard Font Paragraph Styles Editing Voice Editor Reuse Files Question 18 Consider the following reaction mechanism: CH3OH(ag) + H*(ag) – CH3OH2*(ag) CH;OH2*(ag) + Br(ag) → CH3Br(ag) + H2O(1) Identify each species appropriately from the list below. Question 18 options: CH;Br(ag) CH;OH(ag) 1. reactant H2O(1) 2. product H*(ag) 3. intermediate Br(ag) 4. catalyst CH;OH2*(ag) Question 19 * Accessibility: Investigate D'Focus 0% 11 Page 2 of 16 1271 words English (Canada) ENG 4:32 PM O Type here to search 0°C Sunny W US 2022-04-26 11 近arrow_forward
- Please look at the image attached Please please please answer everything super super fastarrow_forwardExample of lead optimization drugs in the market. List atleast 3 types of drugs or kinds of lead optimization drugsarrow_forward☐ 5:41 PM Sat Jun 29 kennesaw.view.usg.edu Name: Lab Section (Day & Time): 3361L Molecular Modeling and Stereochemistry Worksheet CHEM Ground Rules: 1. You are required to build models for various tasks presented in this exercise. Molecular modeling programs are not a substitute for 3-D hand-held molecular models. 2. You will be prompted to include a snapshot of your model with each task at the end of this worksheet. Read the question carefully to construct and orient the models appropriately. Use your smartphone to take a picture of the model you build, and insert it at the end of the handout with corresponding prompts. You will not get any credit for this assignment without correct snapshots of the models you build. 3. Hand-write your responses for each task and insert the snapshots for various models at the end of this docuent. Save the entire assignment as a single PDF. A consolidated PDF of the completed assignment (including relevant snapshots of your models should be submitted…arrow_forward
- Hello, I hope you are doing well on this fine day. For the following quetion please read carefully the question and instruction. PLEASE ANSWER QUESTION IN 20 MINTUES NOT MORE PLEASE AND THANK YOU. If you do answer the question correctly and post it in the next 20 minutes, NO NEED TO SHOW ALL THE WORK, I JUST WOULD LIKE THE CORRECT ANSWER AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. I will write a wonderful and generous feedback/review/rating about you.arrow_forwardV. Error Analysis/Questions For the following questions explain what specific error in calculating your Ksp value would occur (i.e. would the Ksp be too HIGH or too LOW), compared to the situation in which no errors occur. When you answer the question, consider how the situation affects the calculation of Ksp. Each answer must have an explanation and type the answer, please. A. The buret was not conditioned (it still had water in it) when you add the HCl. Would the Ksp be too HIGH or too LOW? B. There was Ca(OH)2 solid (that was not filtered off) in your solution to be titrated. Would the Ksp be too HIGH or too LOW? C. You measured 24.00 mL of Ca(OH)2 solution instead of 25.00 mL. Would the Ksp be too HIGH or too LOW? D. The HCl concentration was actually lower than the reported molarity on the bottle. Would the Ksp be too HIGH or too LOW?arrow_forwardHelp me solve part C please.arrow_forward
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