Beyond Labz 2
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1411
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
Pages
5
Uploaded by CaptainWaspPerson700
12/11/23, 6:00 PM
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Energy Levels
Purpose
To understand the origins of Quantum Theory using a spectrometer to observe the emission spectrum of
several gases.
Connections to What You Already Know About in Life
Mercury vapor is used in fluorescent light tubes. The emitted visible light is not very bright for just the mercury
vapor, but when scientists examined the full spectrum for mercury they saw that there is an enormous emission
in the ultraviolet range (UV). This light is sometimes called black light, and you may have seen it in glow-in-
the-dark displays. Fluorescent light tubes are coated with a compound that will absorb UV and emit the energy
as visible light with all the colors of the rainbow. All colors together create white light which is why fluorescent
light tubes emit very white light.
Laundry detergents contain small amounts of a compound that absorb UV light and emit visible light. These
compounds allow advertisers to claim
whiter and brighter whites and colors
. If you attend an event using black
lights, you may have seen your white socks or white shirt “glow”.
Vocabulary
Emission spectrum, spectroscopy, fluorescent
Background
The classical picture of atoms would allow electrons to be at any energy level. According to this classical
model, when electrons are excited and then fall back down to the ground state, they emit light at all wavelengths
and the emission spectrum would be continuous.
In the 1800s scientists found that when a sample of gas is excited by an alternating electric current, it emits
light only at certain discrete wavelengths. This allowed for the development of spectroscopy which is used in
the identification and analysis of elements and compounds. Even though scientists found spectroscopy very
useful, they could not explain why the spectrum was not continuous. The explanation of this was left to Niels
Bohr, a Danish physicist. Bohr proposed that energy levels of electrons are not continuous but quantized. The
electrons only exist in specific energy levels. Because of this quantization of energy, excited electrons can only
fall to discrete energy levels.
You can separate the lines in the full region of an emission spectrum by using an optical prism or a
diffraction grating. A spectrometer is an instrument designed to separate the emitted light into its component
wavelengths and plots the intensity of the light as a function of wavelength.
This assignment illustrates the measurements that helped Bohr develop his quantum model, now known as
Quantum Theory. It also illustrates some practical uses for this science. Mercury vapor is used in fluorescent
lights and sodium vapor in street lighting.
Procedure Section 1
1. To start this activity, click this link for
Energy Levels
. The lab will load in a new tab. Click back to this
tab to read further instructions and complete the questions below. You can follow along with the
instructions below in the Procedures tab in the lab.
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Beyond Labz 2.0 Assessment
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Questions
1. The lab table will be set up with four items. What is the detector on the right?
spectrometer
2. What is the metal sample in the center of the table?
W
3. A heat source is used to heat the metal sample to high temperatures. What is the temperature of the heat
source?
3000
K
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Related Questions
what is the concentration of the unknown sample using serial diluitions: 0.05M 1.7472nm, 0.025M 0.8569nm, 0.0125M 0.4167nm, 0.00625M 0.1958nm the epsilon value is 0.0101 and l is 1 cm
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Please do question 5 for me and please don’t return in it just write one sentence for each box
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The amount of caffeine in an analgesic tablet was determined by HPLC using a
normal calibration curve. Standard solutions of caffeine were prepared and analyzed
using a 10-µL fixed-volume injection loop. Results for the standards are summarized
in the following table.
Concentration of Standards
Signal
(arbitrary units)
(ppm)
50.0
8354
100.0
16925
150.0
25218
200.0
33584
250.0
42002
The sample was prepared by placing a single analgesic tablet in a small beaker and
adding 10 mL of methanol. After allowing the sample to dissolve, the contents of the
beaker, including the insoluble binder, were quantitatively transferred to a 25-mL
volumetric flask and diluted to volume with methanol. The sample was then filtered,
and a 1.00-mL aliquot was transferred to a 10-mL volumetric flask and diluted to
volume with methanol. When analyzed by HPLC, the signal for the caffeine was
found to be 21469. Report the number of milligrams of caffeine in the analgesic
tablet.
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Continued...
5.
Answer ALL parts of this question
The stability of chloramphenicol in eye drops is being
studied at different temperatures and times. The
concentration (in mg/L) of chloramphenicol at three
different temperatures over time is provided below.
Time (day)
-18°C
25°C
40°C
25
28
23
7
27
20
20
30
20
21
20
180
23
25
19
(a) Using the data in the tables below assess and
explain if the reaction time (after 1 hour of the
start of the reaction) was an important factor
affecting the yield of the reaction and provide the
null hypothesis of the statistical test carried out.
(b) The amount of chloramphenicol at -18 °C seems
to vary with some values appearing to be higher
than others. Explain what may be causing this
variation AND suggest a methodology to identify
if there was a systematic error in the
measurement.
||
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Please find standard de
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analyte
concentration(C)(mg/ml)
injection volume (ul)
elution time (time)
peak DAD signal(mAU)
caffeine
1
1
4.67
302.85
aspartame
5
1
7.53
15.83
benzoic acid
1
1
8.14
89.98
saccharin
1
1
1.91
84.86
mixture(add everything above with 1:1:1:1 ratio)
1
4.47
69.58
How to get the concentration of the mixture in this case?
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8) Two different analytical methods are compared for determining Ca. The following
are two sets of data.
Set 1
Set 2
155.779
155.784
155.787
155.787
155.813
155.765
155.781
155.793
i.
i.
Determine the mean and the standard deviation in Set 1.
Calculate the 95% confidence limit for data in Set 1.
Identify a possible outlier in Set 2. Use the Q-test to determine whether it
can be retained or rejected at 95% confidence level.
ii.
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Staple your graph to the data sheet.
Complete the following table:
T-1(K-1)
In(VP)
353
-0.00297
348
- o 06191
343
=0.00296
338
333=0.0300
323-0.0030u
る=
=0.00309
323
273=0.006
0.00366
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Data Sheet
Extraction
ODD
EVEN
ODD
EVEN GROUP
Single Extraction 1
Single Extraction 2
Multiple Extraction 1
Multiple Extraction 2
Weight of tea leaves
10.002 (g)
10.123 (g)
10.013 (g)
10.007 (g)
Weight of evaporating dish + caffeine
123.689 (g)
124.334 (g)
121.815 (g)
126.523 (g)
Weight of empty evaporating dish
123.513 (g)
124.147 (g)
121.614 (g)
126.246 (g)
Weight of caffeine
Identify the two layers in the procedure. In which part does caffeine can be extracted?
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Chemistry
Given the following spectrophotometric data, what is the concentration of the
sample?
Concentration,
Abs
ug/mL
50.00
0.163
100.0
0.257
150.0
0.499
200.0
0.732
250.0
0.811
Sample
0.656
O 2.165 x 10^-3
O 1.988 x 10*-3
O 198.8
216.5
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2.
100
12 133 134 1
0
С6H8O
4000
9
HSP-45-691
8
3000
1 :
7
1
T
6
2000
5
ppm
NAVENUMBERI
:
4
T
3
1500
4:2
T
2
T
T
1
wwwm
1000
0
500
DEPT-90
DEPT-135
-
200 180 160 140 120
COS-11-743
لد
100
ppm
80
60
40
20
m
0
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Hydrocarbons in the cab of an automobile were measured during trips on the New Jersey Turnpike and trips through the Lincoln Tunnel connecting New York and New Jersey. The total concentrations ( ± standard deviation) of m- and p-xylene wereTurnpike: 31.4 ± 27.0 μg/m3 (32 measurements)Tunnel: 54.9 ± 29.8 μg/m3 (32 measurements)Do these results different at the 95% confidence level?
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Could you please help me format this question, I've been stuck on it for some time now.
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Data Collection
Kinetic Data Collection
Time, t (s)
Volume of added base (mL)
First addition
40
0.50
Second addition
101
1.00
Third addition
160
1.52
Fourth addition
224
1.99
Fifth addition
278
2.49
Sixth addition
334
3.01
Seventh additlon
389
3.48
Calculations
Concentration of NaOH stock solution:
0.01 M
Concentration of t-BuCl stock solution:
0.2 M
Volume of t-BuCl solution:
10 mL stock stock solution added to 25 mL acetone
Table view
List view
Kinetic Data
Volume of
Moles of Amount of
t-Bucl
(mol)
[-Buc]
In[-BuC
Time, t (s) added base added base
(mL)
(mol)
First
addition
40
0.50
Second
additlon
101
1.00
Third
addition
160
1.52
Fourth
addition
224
1.99
Flfth
additlon
278
2.49
Sixth
additlon
334
3.01
Seventh
addition
389
3.48
Use the data in the table above to plot In[t-BuC]]; vs time (s). Include labelled axis, a title, and a
linear trendline. Upload your plot here.
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Need complete solutions no need ai solutions okk just solve accurate
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Assessment Chemistry x
Copy of spread of ista X
E The Spread of Islam- x
oncourseconnect.com/assessment/1651879/5287e2a3-0d0b-e2c0-c15c-3e68a37149b4
N hbox (004) aarolamex
Clase
D TPSS Bookmarks
CHEMISTRY BENCHMARK TEST 01
CHEMSTRY1IARON JAMES ID 12390724)
Aluminum (Al) reacts with chlorine (Cl,) gas to form aluminum chloride. Given the position of aluminum in the periodic table, what charge should
the aluminum ion have in this compound?
-5
+1
+3
+ (P
O A
O B
O D
Save/Exit
1
4
5 6
8 9
10
US
ASUS
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CATION CONFIRMATORY TEST OBSERVATION
ADDED REAGENT(S)
OBSERVATIONS
Excess NH3
NVR
KSCN
NVR
K4Fe(CN)6
NVR
K3Fe(CN)6
NVR
Na2C2O4
NVR
NaOH (in evaporating dish)
Litmus paper: red to blue
ANION CONFIRMATORY TEST OBSERVATION
ADDED REAGENT(S)
OBSERVATIONS
HNO3, Fe(NO3)3
Blood red aqueous layer; colorless toluene layer
HNO3, KMnO4
Peach aqueous layer; colorless toluene layer
(to the ppt) CH3COOH
White ppt does not dissolve
MgCl2
NVR
6M H2SO4, FeSO4, 18M H2SO4
NVR
Select one or more:
NH4+
CO32-
Fe3+
SO42-
Cu2+
NO3-
Ca2+
I-
Br-
PO43-
Zn2+
SCN-
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A1.
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A peak elutes from an HPLC column 13.3 cm in length in 15.3 min.
What would be the width at half-height of the peak (in seconds) if the plate height were 8.62 µm?
wi/2
S
What would be the width at half-height of the peak (in seconds) if the plate height were 43.0 µm?
Wi/2 =
S
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Calculate the standard deviation of the data below. 2.4 ppm, 2.1 ppm, 2.1 ppm, 2.3 ppm, 1.5 ppm
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B Quizzes - SCH3UE-15-Chemistry- X
+
A tdsb.elearningontario.ca/d2l/Ims/quizzing/user/attempt/quiz_start_frame_auto.d2l?ou=19297865&isprv=&drc=1&qi=5956344&cfql=0&dnb=D0... 2
E TDSB Bookmarks
P Summary - PayPal
Steam Guard Mobil..
M Booter Panel ul Asylum Stresser - H..
A Free Stresser - The.
6 Str3ssed Booter - L.
O Home | IP Stresser 3 - Packages
>>
What can be added to a solution containing Sr2*(aq) ions to precipitate the ions from
the solution?
potassium sulfate
barium hydroxide
O lithium nitrate
Two of the above are correct.
(a). (b), and (c) are all correct.
围
i 11:15
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ESF X
empt/quiz_start_frame_auto.d21?ou=9739790&isprv=&qi=11007766&cfql=0&dnb=0&fromQB=0&inProgress=1
ystems
Question 5 (1 point)
Ben starts walking along a path at 3 mi hr¹. Amanda starts jogging along the same path 1 hour later at 5 mi hr. After how much
time jogging does Amanda catch up to Ben?
3.5 hr
2.5 hr
2 hr
16
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Table 1. Data on EDTA Standardization
Weight of CaCO3 (g): 0.2003g
Trial
Volume of EDTA (mL)
Molarity of EDTA (M)
1
8.60
2
8.50
8.55
Average Molarity of EDTA (M)
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Please explain on how to this problem. Thank you!
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Rate law and standard deviation
Please send me the question in 20 minutes it's very urgent plz
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A student researcher measured the cadmium (Cď*) content in a standard reference material (SRM) using graphite furnace
atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). With 7 replicate measurements, the researcher determined a mean Cd+
concentration of 3.127 ppb with a standard deviation of 0.006 ppb. Calculate the 98% confidence interval for this sample.
A list of values can be found in the Student's 1 table.
3.127 ppb±
ppb
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2+
d. 4H3O+ (aq) + 2Cl(aq) + MnO₂ (s) ⇒ Mn²+ (aq) + 6H₂O(1) + Cl₂ (9)
Oke
O Ke
=
=
O Ke =
2+
[Mn²+ ][C1₂]
[H3O+] * [CI-1²
[Mn²+][H₂O][C1₂]
2+
[H³O+][CI¯]²[MnO₂2]
[Mn²+ ] [H₂O1] [C1₂]
2+
[H3O+] * [CI-1²[MnO₂]
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Time(min) Concentration
(ug/L)
1,5
LO
5
7
3
10
20
6,24652317
2,807426345
2,281033905
1,68445587
0,947506391
0,386021122
help me calculate : kel, t1/2, AUC, CLtot and
Vd
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observation/inference
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Related Questions
- what is the concentration of the unknown sample using serial diluitions: 0.05M 1.7472nm, 0.025M 0.8569nm, 0.0125M 0.4167nm, 0.00625M 0.1958nm the epsilon value is 0.0101 and l is 1 cmarrow_forwardPlease do question 5 for me and please don’t return in it just write one sentence for each boxarrow_forwardThe amount of caffeine in an analgesic tablet was determined by HPLC using a normal calibration curve. Standard solutions of caffeine were prepared and analyzed using a 10-µL fixed-volume injection loop. Results for the standards are summarized in the following table. Concentration of Standards Signal (arbitrary units) (ppm) 50.0 8354 100.0 16925 150.0 25218 200.0 33584 250.0 42002 The sample was prepared by placing a single analgesic tablet in a small beaker and adding 10 mL of methanol. After allowing the sample to dissolve, the contents of the beaker, including the insoluble binder, were quantitatively transferred to a 25-mL volumetric flask and diluted to volume with methanol. The sample was then filtered, and a 1.00-mL aliquot was transferred to a 10-mL volumetric flask and diluted to volume with methanol. When analyzed by HPLC, the signal for the caffeine was found to be 21469. Report the number of milligrams of caffeine in the analgesic tablet.arrow_forward
- Continued... 5. Answer ALL parts of this question The stability of chloramphenicol in eye drops is being studied at different temperatures and times. The concentration (in mg/L) of chloramphenicol at three different temperatures over time is provided below. Time (day) -18°C 25°C 40°C 25 28 23 7 27 20 20 30 20 21 20 180 23 25 19 (a) Using the data in the tables below assess and explain if the reaction time (after 1 hour of the start of the reaction) was an important factor affecting the yield of the reaction and provide the null hypothesis of the statistical test carried out. (b) The amount of chloramphenicol at -18 °C seems to vary with some values appearing to be higher than others. Explain what may be causing this variation AND suggest a methodology to identify if there was a systematic error in the measurement. ||arrow_forwardPlease find standard dearrow_forwardanalyte concentration(C)(mg/ml) injection volume (ul) elution time (time) peak DAD signal(mAU) caffeine 1 1 4.67 302.85 aspartame 5 1 7.53 15.83 benzoic acid 1 1 8.14 89.98 saccharin 1 1 1.91 84.86 mixture(add everything above with 1:1:1:1 ratio) 1 4.47 69.58 How to get the concentration of the mixture in this case?arrow_forward
- 8) Two different analytical methods are compared for determining Ca. The following are two sets of data. Set 1 Set 2 155.779 155.784 155.787 155.787 155.813 155.765 155.781 155.793 i. i. Determine the mean and the standard deviation in Set 1. Calculate the 95% confidence limit for data in Set 1. Identify a possible outlier in Set 2. Use the Q-test to determine whether it can be retained or rejected at 95% confidence level. ii.arrow_forwardStaple your graph to the data sheet. Complete the following table: T-1(K-1) In(VP) 353 -0.00297 348 - o 06191 343 =0.00296 338 333=0.0300 323-0.0030u る= =0.00309 323 273=0.006 0.00366arrow_forwardData Sheet Extraction ODD EVEN ODD EVEN GROUP Single Extraction 1 Single Extraction 2 Multiple Extraction 1 Multiple Extraction 2 Weight of tea leaves 10.002 (g) 10.123 (g) 10.013 (g) 10.007 (g) Weight of evaporating dish + caffeine 123.689 (g) 124.334 (g) 121.815 (g) 126.523 (g) Weight of empty evaporating dish 123.513 (g) 124.147 (g) 121.614 (g) 126.246 (g) Weight of caffeine Identify the two layers in the procedure. In which part does caffeine can be extracted?arrow_forward
- Chemistry Given the following spectrophotometric data, what is the concentration of the sample? Concentration, Abs ug/mL 50.00 0.163 100.0 0.257 150.0 0.499 200.0 0.732 250.0 0.811 Sample 0.656 O 2.165 x 10^-3 O 1.988 x 10*-3 O 198.8 216.5arrow_forward2. 100 12 133 134 1 0 С6H8O 4000 9 HSP-45-691 8 3000 1 : 7 1 T 6 2000 5 ppm NAVENUMBERI : 4 T 3 1500 4:2 T 2 T T 1 wwwm 1000 0 500 DEPT-90 DEPT-135 - 200 180 160 140 120 COS-11-743 لد 100 ppm 80 60 40 20 m 0arrow_forwardHydrocarbons in the cab of an automobile were measured during trips on the New Jersey Turnpike and trips through the Lincoln Tunnel connecting New York and New Jersey. The total concentrations ( ± standard deviation) of m- and p-xylene wereTurnpike: 31.4 ± 27.0 μg/m3 (32 measurements)Tunnel: 54.9 ± 29.8 μg/m3 (32 measurements)Do these results different at the 95% confidence level?arrow_forward
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