Stats_HW1

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Northeastern University *

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Apr 3, 2024

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PSYC 2320 Sta+s+cs in Psychological Research Homework #1 (Upload a pdf to the Homework #1 assignment) 1. What are descrip+ve sta+s+cs? What are they used for? Descrip+ve sta+s+cs are a set of tools that are used to summarize and describe the characteris+cs of a set of data. They are used to provide a quick overview of the main features of a dataset, and include measures such as the mean, median, mode, and standard devia+on. 2. What are inferen+al sta+s+cs? What are they used for? Inferen+al sta+s+cs are a set of tools that are used to make inferences and draw conclusions about a general popula+on based on a sample of data. They are used to make generaliza+ons about the general popula+on to test hypotheses and make predic+ons. 3. Suppose I wanted to know how much +me my sta+s+cs students spend on homework this term. I ask my sta+s+cs class of 40 students how many hours they spent on homework last week. Is my sta+s+cs class a sample or a popula+on? Why? Your sta+s+cs class is a sample of the popula+on of all the sta+s+cs students in the term. That is because you have chosen just one class (subset) of students to gather informa+on about the +me they spend on homework. 4. For each of the following, indicate whether a set of such observa+ons would yield qualita+ve or quan+ta+ve data: a. Poli+cal affilia+on: Qualita+ve b. Reac+on +me: Quan+ta+ve c. Sizes of pizzas (sm, lg) ordered at UHOP last week: Qualita+ve d. Hours spent watching TV: Quan+ta+ve 5. For each of the following variables, indicate the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval/ra+o):
a. Number of points scored per game by NU Women’s Hockey team last season. Interval b. Movie ra+ngs (like R or PG-13) Ordinal c. Sta+s+cs students’ favorite colors Nominal d. Birth weights Ra+o 6. Which of the following variables are discrete and which are con+nuous? a. Time spent brushing your teeth Con+nuous b. Number of dogs on campus Discrete c. Fuel consump+on (miles per gallon) Con+nuous 7. A researcher is interested in finding out what the effect of phone use in class is on performance. They randomly assign students to groups that either: 1. Were asked to store their phone in their backpack, 2. Were asked to silence no+fica+ons and keep the phone on the desk, or 3. Were asked to keep their phone on the desk with no+fica+ons on. Everyone watched a videotaped lecture on bird migra+on. Afer the lecture the researcher recorded the number of correct answers each student gave on a quiz about bird migra+on. a. In this experiment, what is the independent variable? The phone, whether it is in the backpack, silenced, or no+fica+ons on b. What is the dependent variable? Number of correct answers on the quiz c. What type of data do they have (qualita+ve or quan+ta+ve)? Quan+ta+ve, quiz scores
d. At what level of measurement? Ra+o 8. Suppose I gathered data on the number of hours a month faculty in the Psychology Department spent playing Wordle. Using the table below, create a grouped frequency distribu+on using these data. Include frequency, rela+ve frequency (expressed in percent) and cumula+ve rela+ve frequency (expressed in percent). Use about 6 classes with a width of 5. The lower boundary for the first class is provided in the table . a. I suggested 6 classes, a class width of 5 and to begin the lowest class in the table with a boundary of 5. How did I arrive at those numbers? Because the range is 27, so you divided 27/6 = 4.5 because you wanted 6 classes to represent the data and then you rounded up to 5. b. Fill in the following table: 34 22 19 15 13 12 32 22 18 15 13 12 30 22 18 15 13 12 30 22 18 15 13 12 24 20 17 14 12 10 24 20 17 14 12 9 24 20 16 14 12 8 23 19 16 14 12 7 Hours spent on Wordle Frequency ( f ) Rela+ve f (%) Cumula+ve rela+ve f (%) 35 - 39 0 0 0 30 - 34 4 8.33 8.33 25 - 29 0 0 8.33 20 - 24 11 22.92 31.25
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