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PSYC 2320 Sta+s+cs in Psychological Research Homework #1 (Upload a pdf to the Homework #1 assignment) 1.
What are descrip+ve sta+s+cs? What are they used for? Descrip+ve sta+s+cs are a set of tools that are used to summarize and describe the characteris+cs of a set of data. They are used to provide a quick overview of the main features of a dataset, and include measures such as the mean, median, mode, and standard devia+on. 2.
What are inferen+al sta+s+cs? What are they used for? Inferen+al sta+s+cs are a set of tools that are used to make inferences and draw conclusions about a general popula+on based on a sample of data. They are used to make generaliza+ons about the general popula+on to test hypotheses and make predic+ons. 3.
Suppose I wanted to know how much +me my sta+s+cs students spend on homework this term. I ask my sta+s+cs class of 40 students how many hours they spent on homework last week. Is my sta+s+cs class a sample or a popula+on? Why? Your sta+s+cs class is a sample of the popula+on of all the sta+s+cs students in the term. That is because you have chosen just one class (subset) of students to gather informa+on about the +me they spend on homework. 4.
For each of the following, indicate whether a set of such observa+ons would yield qualita+ve or quan+ta+ve data: a.
Poli+cal affilia+on: Qualita+ve b.
Reac+on +me: Quan+ta+ve c.
Sizes of pizzas (sm, lg) ordered at UHOP last week: Qualita+ve d.
Hours spent watching TV: Quan+ta+ve 5.
For each of the following variables, indicate the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval/ra+o):
a.
Number of points scored per game by NU Women’s Hockey team last season. Interval b.
Movie ra+ngs (like R or PG-13) Ordinal c.
Sta+s+cs students’ favorite colors Nominal d.
Birth weights Ra+o 6.
Which of the following variables are discrete and which are con+nuous? a.
Time spent brushing your teeth Con+nuous b.
Number of dogs on campus Discrete c.
Fuel consump+on (miles per gallon) Con+nuous 7.
A researcher is interested in finding out what the effect of phone use in class is on performance. They randomly assign students to groups that either: 1. Were asked to store their phone in their backpack, 2. Were asked to silence no+fica+ons and keep the phone on the desk, or 3. Were asked to keep their phone on the desk with no+fica+ons on. Everyone watched a videotaped lecture on bird migra+on. Afer the lecture the researcher recorded the number of correct answers each student gave on a quiz about bird migra+on. a.
In this experiment, what is the independent variable? The phone, whether it is in the backpack, silenced, or no+fica+ons on b.
What is the dependent variable? Number of correct answers on the quiz c.
What type of data do they have (qualita+ve or quan+ta+ve)? Quan+ta+ve, quiz scores
d.
At what level of measurement? Ra+o 8.
Suppose I gathered data on the number of hours a month faculty in the Psychology Department spent playing Wordle. Using the table below, create a grouped frequency distribu+on using these data. •
Include frequency, rela+ve frequency (expressed in percent) and cumula+ve rela+ve frequency (expressed in percent). •
Use about 6 classes with a width of 5. •
The lower boundary for the first class is provided in the table
. a.
I suggested 6 classes, a class width of 5 and to begin the lowest class in the table with a boundary of 5. How did I arrive at those numbers? Because the range is 27, so you divided 27/6 = 4.5 because you wanted 6 classes to represent the data and then you rounded up to 5. b.
Fill in the following table: 34
22
19
15
13
12
32
22
18
15
13
12
30
22
18
15
13
12
30
22
18
15
13
12
24
20
17
14
12
10
24
20
17
14
12
9
24
20
16
14
12
8
23
19
16
14
12
7
Hours spent on Wordle
Frequency (
f
)
Rela+ve f (%)
Cumula+ve rela+ve f
(%)
35 - 39
0
0
0
30 - 34
4
8.33
8.33
25 - 29
0
0
8.33
20 - 24
11
22.92
31.25
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