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Porter’s Theory of Competitive Advantage focuses on a nation's global competitiveness in an industry being dependent on innovations (Saylor Academy, n.d). The theory highlights the importance of four specific determinants: factorial, demand, upstream/downstream industries, and domestic competition. The tourism industry may be used to explain growth/development in the Caribbean using Porter’s theory. It suggests that with favorable factors and the improvement of these factors by government interference, competitive advantage can be created. Beautiful beaches and varieties of wildlife are present across the region. This chance of geographical position allowed governments to develop the tourism industry and specialize in ecotourism. Tourism businesses have adopted effective strategies to differentiate their products and increase demand from consumers, achieving growth. This can be attributed to all determinants in Porter’s theory. The views of Porter, Best and Lewis share similarities…

QUESTION 3 3.a) What are Multinational Companies (MNCs) and why it is said that they hold ‘best practices’ and ‘state of the art’ technological and organisational knowledge?  3.b) Let’s assume that you are the manager of a local company in your own country aiming at supplying goods and services to MNCs. What strategies would you introduce in order to maximise the benefits of partnering with MNC subsidiaries? Please explain fully.  3.c) In a second scenario, assume you are the manager of a domestic rival company aiming at competing with MNCs. What processes and steps would you take to compete and remain in the market?  3.d) In a third scenario, you are a policy advisor of the national government in your country. What actions and policies would you implement in order to create a facilitating environment for MNCs and to increase the potential to gain technological knowledge? Why?

From 1865-1900, the U.S. exploded onto the world stage as a true industrial power. A number of things contributed to the boom, but one of the biggest reasons was the flood of immigrants that entered the U.S. between 1880 and 1910. Why did these immigrants come to the U.S.? How did they enter the U.S.? In what sort of conditions did they live and work? How did other Americans react to them? Most importantly, explain the impact immigration had on the U.S. as a whole in this time period

A) The prediction that population growth and growing affluence would outstrip supply would mean rising prices over time due to oil shortages.  B) Both the 1970s and the 2000s oil price hikes were due to the demand curve shifting to the right. C) The sharp fall in the oil price after the global financial crisis of 2008 was due to the supply curve shifting to the right. D) The prediction that technological advancement to find new resources and extract them more efficiently would outweigh increases in demand would mean rising prices over time due to oil shortages.

Which of the following is not one of the central institutional characteristics of a capitalist system . a) Establishment of free contractual relations as the means of social coordination ( private contracts and relations). b) Establishment of social realm of production and distribution from which government interaction in the allocation of resources and determination of price is largely excluded. c) legitimation of aquisitive behavior ( consumption) as the social norm. d) Continual search for the enlargement of exchange value ( M-C-M) as the active ( or organizing ) principle of the whole itself. e) A demand for and supply of money that are governed by market forces.

In which market structure might uniqueness be the most important? Why? In which market structure might uniqueness be the least important? Why? Can you name at least one business or service in your community that is an example of (near) perfect competition? Consider the current evolution of these two structures (perfect competition vs. monopoly) in an expanding global-enterprise environment. Which do you think will be more advantageous?

Romer’s (1986, 1990) approach to endogenous growth laid out a model which appeared to show that there were increasing returns to scale from technology and the accrual of savings to this technology. At a firm level, this seemed to imply that monopolies within a country would emerge. However, in reality, this is not the case. What is the reason that competition still survives in endogenous growth models (and, by extension, in reality)?

What is a difference between technology businesses and other small businesses?   Question 6 options:   Technology businesses never start in garages, basements, kitchens, or dorm rooms, while some other types of small businesses can start in these places.   Technology businesses have lower initial startup costs than other small businesses.   Technology businesses require greater capital and have higher initial startup costs than other small businesses.   Technology businesses are the only type of small business that uses technology.   Technology businesses are less innovative than other small businesses.

Please Answer question 2 and 3

In 2005, Hydrola make and updated their website with different languages, which enables the foreign customer to view and build an international network between them, which that lead to the company expand in the region without local intermediaries due to the internationalization of the organizational culture. Following the creation of its website, Hydrola received numerous expressions of interest from abroad. Contrary to the CEO's expectations, requests were not coming from European and American markets, but rather from Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America. The company has selected Tunisia, Senegal, and Mexico as the initial choice of expansion markets. Hydrola's business is the production and maintenance of hydraulic and pneumatic spare parts for industrial machinery. Besides the countries mentioned above, what other countries are potential expansions for Hydrola? Please propose 5 countries and the reason (Except for China), and the 5 main indicators related to export strategy…

Supply factors are those that cause an expansion in the production capacity, also called the potential output of the economy.List any three supply factors of economic growth.

Q 8. The pie-chart given above shows the annual global market share of Pepsi and Coke for the last five years on average. Under what market structure do Pepsi and Coke operate? What microeconomic model can best describe the behavior of Pepsi and Coke? Explain the main theme of this model. Given the obvious market share of both Pepsi and Coke, on what grounds would you justify the multibillion-dollar annual advertising spending by those two companies?

The pie-chart given below shows the annual global market share of Pepsi and Coke for the last five years on average. Under what market structure do Pepsi and Coke operate? What microeconomic model can best describe the behavior of Pepsi and Coke? Explain the main theme of this model. Given the obvious market share of both Pepsi and Coke, on what grounds would you justify the multi-billion-dollar annual advertising spending by those two companies?

There are four common ways for a firm to expand it's operations into overseas markets:  importing, exporting, licensing, and franchising.  First, explain what each approach entails.  Then, select the one that you'd use if you were the CEO of a large company.  Why was this approach particularly appealing?

Strategy 1: Strengthen the Economic Growth   “Industrial areas that have public facilities or infrastructure maintained systematically among the major factors that support the development of the industry. In this case, the incentive to 100 percent income tax exemption for a period of five years will be provided to encourage the private sector to maintain and improve industrial in less developed areas. Whereas the incentive to 70 percent income tax exemption for a period of five years will be provided to the private sector to manage the industrial in other areas.”   Strategy 6: Building an Nation Youth Program Transformation   “This scheme offers the first home ownership are worth not more than 500 thousand ringgit, to youth married couple, aged 25 to 40 years old and have a household income of not more than 10-thousand ringgit. The maximum loan period is 35 years.”   “Under this scheme also 200 ringgit per month is given by the government for the first two years to reduce the burden of…

This case explores the globalization of BMW, Rolls-Royce, and the MINI. Bayerische Motoren Werke, otherwise known as BMW, dates back to 1916. Today, BMW has more than 125,000 employees and revenues of about $103 billion. With its reputation for streamlined luxury design and performance, BMW sells about 2.4 million vehicles every year. In addition to automobiles, BMW also produces motorcycles and aircraft engines. BMW’s portfolio includes the BMW brand along with Rolls-Royce and MINI. Innovation has long been at the forefront of BMW’s strategy to be a leader in the luxury car industry. The company focuses on bringing new features to all of its models and builds on innovations used in its racing program to develop vehicles offering the perfect combination of sporty performance and breath-taking design that live up to the reputation of BMW being synonymous with “driving pleasure.” BMW’s Rolls-Royce brand, considered to be the most exclusive luxury brand in the world, has a long history of…

With the expanding global business platform, managers are facing the challenge of how to lead in a global economy. Large companies have manufacturing, marketing, and sales in multiple countries. Discuss the following: Relate the increasing new role of labor laws in Africa, China, and India with which an American manager must be ready to contend.

ARTICLE/HISTORY OF GLOBAL MARKET INTEGRATION   - GLOBAL MARKET INTEGRATION DID NOT HAPPEN OVERNIGHT. IT WAS THE RESULT OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A GLOBAL ECONOMY THAT INVOLVED THE HOMOGENIZATION OF TRADE AND COMMERCE. PRIOR TO THE TRENDS IN GLOBALIZATION OF THE 20TH CENTURY, INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND EXCHANGE OF GOODS AND SERVICES WERE ALREADY PRACTICED. HARVEY (1990) SEES THAT CITY AND COUNTRIES WERE ABLE TO EXTEND THEIR REACH BEYOND BORDERS AND PATTERNS OF TRADE AND TECHNOLOGY BECAUSE OF DEVELOPMENTS IN SHIPPING AND NAVIGATION.   THIS WAS OBSERVABLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARITIME TRANSPORT THROUGHOUT HISTORY. COLONIALISM AND IMPERIALISM ROSE AS THE NEW WAYS OF PUTTING ORDER TO THE ECONOMIC INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG COUNTRIES. EQUITY, CORPORATE OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT SUBSIDIARIES, AND CENTRAL HEADQUARTERS WHICH SUPPLY AND DISTRIBUTE GOODS AND SERVICES WERE ESTABLISHED THROUGH COLONIALISM. THE SPANISH GOVERNMENT IN THE 1960S, FOR INSTANCE MADE USE OF ITS COLONIES LIKE THE PHILIPPINES AND…

Which of these is the rate at which sales opportunities are closed, as expressed by a percentage?lead-covert ratiolead-close ratioopportunity-win ratiorate-sales ratio

Romilo produces 250 different varieties of potatoes sourced from nearby villages, suggesting he likely lives in:       Maine     China     Ireland     Peru, or maybe Chile All of the following are reasons that foreign countries and corporations engage in long-term leases of land or outright land purchases in other countries EXCEPT:       These countries and corporations may be concerned about the long-term food security of their home population     These countries and corporations have a stated goal of promoting neo-colonialism     These countries and corporations may be pursuing a strategy to ensure energy security     These countries and corporations may be interested in low prices for labor and land CITES seeks to preserve the existence of endangered species. This existence value is a __________. CITES is effective, but very narrowly focused on __________.     public good, fish     private good, rhinos…

Give the point of view of Marx and Engels on economic development. Explain the pros and cons.

Refer to Case 14: Apple Inc.’s Ethical Success and Challenges Apple executives have recently asked for your thoughts on hiring a new supplier in Bangladesh. Bangladesh has been in the news recently for several worker accidents, often because the buildings were unsafe. However, labor in this factory is inexpensive, and doing business with this factory would save significantly on costs. What would your decision be? Explain your reasoning. Be sure to address: How Apple’s philosophy and organizational culture have impacted how it handles ethical decisions Ethical risks in Apple’s operation

Q1: No department of life – be it economic, cultural, religious or recreational – has been free from the effect of this great transformation in progress. The old system of classification and stratification of society as a whole is changing gradually and slowly but surely and certainly. People are learning to be more accepting towards ideas presented through different forms of media. Young people seem to be the quickest to adopt these new ideas. Discuss causes of these changes in light of the concepts of ‘media globalization’ and ‘social mobility’. Justify your answer with examples

Discuss Kenya from an economic (urban) perspective. Using some terms: Agglomeration - The economic benefits that accrue from industries and firms that are clustered together or near each other over an extended metropolitan area that encompasses the built-up area of a central city plus some surrounding regions.   Economy of scale-  The efficiency gains and cost reductions that a firm obtains due to expansion. A producer’s average cost per unit falls as the scale of output is increased. At the micro level, economy of scale can be obtained by a single firm’s expansion, while there can be economy of scale efficiency gains as a result of the collective and mutually reinforcing or synergistic growth of a group or cluster of firms.   Global City - Saskia Sassen’s term for major cities that act as control centers for the global economy.   Globalization - The growing integration of countries, firms, individuals, goods, and information across the world.   Urbanization-  the process by which a…

Competition and big tech firms Big tech firms in digital markets are at the forefront of the public policy debate because of the central role they play in today's economy and society. A small number of firms dominate their respective markets, from online retailing to operating systems and from social networking to online search. These concentrations of economic power, along with concerns about anti-competitive conduct, have focused a lot of attention on these digital giants. Several of these firms have recently been or are currently under investigation by antitrust authorities in the USA, China and the European Union. Choose one or two of these markets and describe the alleged problems facing competition. Is high concentration leading to high profits and harming consumers and social welfare or are these firms dominant because they are efficient and provide good value to consumers? What are the most appropriate policy responses? A good selection of academic articles was published in a…

Wal-Mart Overseas Entry By the 1990s, top-level managers at Wal-Mart Stores (WMT) had concluded that successful ventures into markets outside the United States were critical to the firm's long-term growth in sales and profitability. A strong, cost-control-oriented corporate culture, a highly efficient distribution system, and market power were competitive advantages on which Wal-Mart's domestic success had been built. Executives felt that being able to duplicate these competitive advantages would be critical to its efforts to effectively compete in economies other than its domestic U.S. market. In considering how that different modes of entry should be used to enter different markets. This decision found Wal-Mart using multiple modes of entry rather than a single mode of entry into international markets. Part One For this part of the exercise, use the Internet and other sources of information available to you to research Wal-Mart's international operations in the countries appearing in…

With a population of 1.3 billion and GDP growth at or above 10%, China is poised to become the most dominant consumer base in the world. It is no surprise, then, that for several years, a whole host of companies have made attempts to sell their wares in China. Companies that enter China, however, face significant late-mover disadvantages. Consider, for example, mobile phones—any telecommunications firm that wants to enter the Chinese market faces huge hurdles. China Mobile, the largest service provider in the nation, announced that they added 5.26 million new subscribers in the month of August 2009, bringing their total to 502.9 million. These figures dwarf those of the Verizon, the largest service provider in the U.S., which added 1.1 million subscribers in the second quarter of 2009, bringing their total to 87.7 million. China Mobile also has a huge technological advantage, as its network covers all 31 of China’s provinces and reaches 97% of China’s population. Since China Mobile is…

The opening statement on the website of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) says its members seek “ … to secure an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consumers, a steady income to producers and a fair return on capital for those investing in the petroleum industry.” To achieve these goals, OPEC attempts to coordinate and unify petroleum policies by raising or lowering its members’ collective oil production. However, increased production by the United States, Russia, Oman, Mexico, Norway, and other non-OPEC countries has placed downward pressure on the price of crude oil.    Please explain: To achieve these goals of stable and fair oil prices, what must OPEC do to maintain the price of oil at its desired level?  How easy is it for OPEC to achieve this goal?