ENVSOCTY 1HB3 - Winter 2024 - Tutorial Activity #2 - Q&A - V21

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ENVSOCTY 1HB3 – Population, Cities & Development (2024 - Winter) Tutorial Activity #2 – Population Studies: Global Population Growth QUESTIONS & ANSWERS Instructions: You must be present in your tutorial this week in order to complete and submit the Tutorial Activity. Choose six countries with different rates of population change ( from this map shown to you in tutorial), and explore the population data to answer the questions below. Make sure to save this document to your computer (ensure it is saved as a .doc or .docx file or else it may not be properly read in Avenue to Learn/Turn-it-In). Due: 11:59 PM on the day of YOUR tutorial to the appropriate Avenue to Learn drop-box ( Assignments > Tutorial Activity #2 – Population Studies: Global Population Growth) Indicate each of your six chosen countries below. Country 1 (rate of population change of less than 0) : Italy (-0.3) Country 2 (rate of population change of less than 0) : Greece (-0.4) Country 3 (rate of population change between 0 and 1) : France (0.2) Country 4 (rate of population change between 0 and 1) : Switzerland (0.6) Country 5 (rate of population change greater than 1) : Ukraine (2.7) Country 6 (rate of population change greater than 1) : Madagascar (2.4) You will be exploring data from the United Nations Population Division website, and answering some questions for each of the countries you chose, as well as discussing the overall patterns/trends you observe. Fertility (Total Fertility) Q1. What was the total fertility rate of each of your selected countries in the following time periods? Country 1950 1970 1990 2010 2020 Italy 2.53 2.39 1.33 1.45 1.26 Greece 2.54 2.47 1.49 1.44 1.36 France 2.99 2.50 1.78 2.02 1.79 Switzerla nd 2.40 2.10 1.58 1.52 1.49 Ukraine 2.45 2.05 1.85 1.44 1.22 Madagas car 7.30 7.27 6.16 4.76 3.92
Mortality (Life Expectancy at Birth) Q2. What was the life expectancy of each of your selected countries in the following time periods? Country 1950 1970 1990 2010 2020 Italy 65.72 71.63 76.99 82.14 82.40 Greece 66.45 72.82 77.30 80.51 80.91 France 66.38 72.09 76.83 81.43 82.50 Switzerla nd 68.91 73.12 77.38 82.28 83.07 Ukraine 62.23 69.32 69.80 70.62 72.57 Madagas car 39.65 47.51 51.70 62.87 65.18 Q3. Describe some of the general patterns/trends that you observe about the fertility and mortality rates of your selected countries and explain how you think this impacts the total population of each country. - It seems as though the countries who are more developed, such as France, Greece, Italy, Ukraine, Switzerland, have a much more stable and seemingly slowly growing birth rate as well as mortality rate which align with their lifestyles and economies. However, the country Madagascar who is less developed and thus may not have readily access to contraceptives seem to have a rapidly changing yet high birth rate and mortality rate as well. Q4. Based on your observations of fertility and mortality, speculate (predict/guess) what the population for your selected countries will look like (i.e. expanding, diminishing, or stable) in 2050 and 2100, and briefly explain your reasoning. - I think for the developed countries, the mortality rate and fertility rate will continue to grow in a stable manner. By 2050, the more developed countries might double their growth rate while the less developed countries will lag behind and widen the gap. This will be more apparent by 2100. Q5. Based on your findings, what similarities/differences are there between your six countries? - Mostly their lifestyles are different, and thus reflect different rates. For example in Ukraine, the birth rate is high compared to the rest due to their current situation and political conflicts as well as their economic situation. The same can be said for Madagascar. The opposite is seen in the other, more developed countries. Q6. In a couple of short paragraphs explain/describe what you think the future of each country looks like with respect to population. - I believe in places like Italy, Greece, France, etc. we might see a more stagnant population growth due to the nature of their economies and lifestyle. I think in the long distant future, the countries will almost “switch places” in terms of mortality rate, but not fertility rate. As long as the country is still lagging behind compared to the rest, the fertility rate will remain high. - However mortality rates may stagnant for more developed countries as we continue to progress and eventually hit a “wall” that does not allow us to go any further in increasing our life expectancy. This will allow time for the less developed countries to continue catching up in terms of their economy, lifestyle, and mortality rates, to which then once they’ve caught up, it will begin to flat-line as well.
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