Term Paper 2 Price Discrimination
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PRICE DISCRIMINATION
De’Ovian Y Taylor
American Public University
ECON201 I004 Microeconomics for Business
Benjamin Davis
September 17, 2023
PRICE DISCRIMINATION
2
Price discrimination is the practice of selling the same good or providing a service to different customers at different prices, even though costs to produce the product are identical regardless of who the customer is. Price discrimination is usually broken down by groups based on certain attributes like age, economic status, credit, and gender. Price discrimination allows sellers to charge each customer the
maximum price they will pay determining what categories a consumer falls in. “There are three degrees of price discrimination in the first degree, the seller charges the buyer the maximum price the buyer is willing to pay. In second-degree price discrimination, price is determined by the quantity purchased. For example, a discount is offered for bulk purchases. Finally, in third-degree price discrimination the market is divided into segments, and price is based on membership into a particular group”. (Wallmark, M., Greenberg, E., & Engels, D. (2018).
I chose this topic because as a young adult I face and realize and try to understand price discrimination when receiving a service or purchasing something. Price discrimination also affects my community and culture heavily. Whether the price for a service or good is more or less, price discrimination does happen. Most people have a negative connotation on price discrimination, but I agree for certain services and goods prices should differ. I feel it is important to understand price discrimination because there are some benefits. Some of the benefits include understanding why you are paying what you are paying for a goods or service. Another benefit is learning how price discrimination works to always try to get lower prices discounts or save money for a goods or service. Just as there are benefits there are some downsides to price discrimination that I feel is important to understand. Price discrimination as mentioned has a negative connotation due to the feeling of unfairness. Price discrimination is also looked at as exploitation. I can understand especially in the medical field insurance field and many more goods and services. Learning about elasticity helped me understand the main purpose for elasticity.
PRICE DISCRIMINATION
3
The article I reviewed is called “Consumer Welfare and Price Discrimination: A Fine Line”. This article was published and has been accepted for inclusion in SMU Data Science Review by an authorized administrator of SMU Scholar. The article has 3 authors, Marie Wallmark, Eyal Greenberg, and Dan Engels. All authors work are scholars at Southern Methodist University. I don’t think the article is biased because it is a collection of ideas written by 3 scholars. They used credible sources as well. In the article “Consumer Welfare and Price Discrimination: A Fine Line” Wallmark, M., Greenberg, E., & Engels, D. discuss how businesses could not determine what maximum price to charge for a goods or service. This article also goes into detail how consumers spending has changed over the years. This article details common pricing strategies businesses use to create a price list. The authors supported their theory with historical data indicating what the customer is willing to pay, combined with certain personal attributes of pricing schemes. The article also demonstrates price discrimination analytically by linking consumer’s spending habits to certain demographic characteristics of a consumer. Additionally, this article addresses the effect of price discrimination on the economic welfare of the consumer. They explain the effect of price discrimination in market competition as well. While reading and reviewing this article, I have a deeper understanding of price discrimination. When I usually think of price discrimination, I had a negative connotation towards it. While reviewing this article I came to an understanding of how price discrimination has an adverse impact on consumers, me included. I overlooked the small things like discounts, lower payment offers I have received and loyalty clubs I am apart of for certain services and goods that I purchase. I learned that price discrimination is vital to continue receiving goods that I like. If price discrimination did not exist markets would not profit and be able to continue to provide services and goods that I enjoy. These services and prices will be considered a luxury and valued at a high price. In conclusion, this article sheds light on the complex challenges businesses face. This article also explains price discrimination is beneficial to the
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Related Questions
Lesson 5.10 - Price Discrimination
is a price structure in which the seller charges different prices for the
product it sells and the price differences do not reflect cost differences.
2. There are three types of price discrimination.
price discrimination is a
price structure in which the seller charges the highest price that each consumer is willing to pay for the product
rather than go without it.
price discrimination is a price structure in which the
seller charges a uniform price per unit for one specific quantity, a lower price for an additional quantity, and so
price discrimination is a price structure in which the seller charges
different prices in different markets or charges different prices to various segments of the buying population.
3. Before a seller can price discriminate, certain conditions must be in place:
on.
a. The seller must be a price
b. The seller must be able to
1.
c. The possibility for
higher price, cannot exist.
prices.
among customers who are willing to pay…
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Amazon Discrimination
In September 2000, Amazon offered a Planet of the Apes DVD to customers using a Netscape Web browser for $64.99. Several seconds later, however, a similar search performed with Microsoft’s Internet Explorer browser resulted in a price of $74.99 for the same product. Why?
Price Discrimination
Describe a price discrimination opportunity your company faces—direct, indirect, or bundling. Tell your company how best to implement the scheme, and compute the profit consequences of implementing the scheme.
arrow_forward
QUESTION 16
If the price of ground beef decreases, which of the following will occur?
The demand curve for ground beef will shift to the left.
The substitution effect will cause some consumers to switch to other types of meat.
Consumers will experience a decrease in their purchasing power.
There will be a movement down the demand curve for ground beef.
QUESTION 17
Price discrimination is defined as:
selling a product at the same price to each and every consumer
selling a product at more than one price
selling a product at its marginal cost plus a markup
selling more than one version of a product
producing goods and services for sale within the firm
QUESTION 18
The demand function for Super Big Bright LED light bulbs is Qd = (45 million) - (3.5 million × P). If the company charged a price of $8 per bulb, how many will be demanded?
41.5 million
37 million
17 million
10 million
QUESTION 19
If Goods X and Y are substitutes, if the price of Good X increases, this will cause a movement…
arrow_forward
using relevant examples distinguish among the three forms of price discrimination.
arrow_forward
Use the following roundtable summary on price discrimination from the DOJ and FTC – Roundtable on Price Discrimination - to answer the following questions.
a.) What conditions must be met in order for price discrimination to be feasible? What are the factors that determine the competitive implications of price discrimination?
b.) Summarize the difference between price discrimination used for “exploitative” purposes vs. “exclusionary” purposes. Explain which – and why – one form is legal but the other is not?
c.) Do you think there should be greater government regulations or oversight of firms’ ability to engage in price discrimination? Explain.
arrow_forward
Exercise 4.2
"With respect to the monopoly equilibrium without price discrimination, first-degree price discrimination increases the profit of the enterprise at the expense of reducing social welfare." Do you agree with this statement? Reason your answer and represent graphically.
arrow_forward
what are pricing tactics and examples? What are some forms of price discriminations?
arrow_forward
What conditions should exist for price discrimination. [
arrow_forward
One example of price discrimination is when movie is
newly released the ticket price for movie theater and
price of DVD's are very expensive. After some time, the
same movie ticket and DVD price become cheaper. Use
this example to discuss the benefits and potential
negative consequences of a price discrimination pricing
strategy.
arrow_forward
In which cases would an organization benefit from using direct and indirect price discrimination? Does market structure influence the capacity of the firm to use price discrimination?
arrow_forward
Example of a price discrimination.
arrow_forward
Question 5: Jimmy has a room that overlooks, from some distance, a major league baseball stadium. He decides to
rent a telescope for $50 a week and charge his friends and classmates to use it to peep at the game for 30 seconds. He
can act as a monopolist for renting out "peeps". For each person who takes a 30 second peep, it costs Jimmy $.20 to
clean the eyepiece. Jimmy believes he has the following demand for his service:
Price of
a Peep
$1.20
Quantity
of peeps demanded
1.00
90
100
150
200
250
300
70
60
50
350
40
30
400
450
20
10
500
550
a) For each price, calculate the total revenue from selling peeps and themarginal revenue per
peep.
Price
Quantity
TR
MR
$1.20
100
90
100
150
200
70
250
60
300
350
50
40
30
400
450
20
500
10
550
b) At what quantity will Jimmy's profit be maximized? What price will he charge? What will his total profit be?
c) Jimmy's landlady complains about all the visitors coming into the building and tells Jimmy to stop selling
peeps. Jimmy discovers, though, if he…
arrow_forward
Price discrimination is the practice of selling the same good at more than one price when the price differences are not justified by cost differences.
Evaluate the following statement: "Price discrimination is possible only if no one can easily resell the good."
None of these choices
True, because this prevents the low-price segment of the market from reselling to the high-price segment
False, because it doesn't matter whether consumers can resell the good or not
False, because allowing for resale is more efficient
Which of the following kinds of price discrimination occurs when each customer in a single market is charged the maximum price he or she is willing to
pay?
Second-degree price discrimination
Third-degree price discrimination
This is not an example of price discrimination
Perfect price discrimination
arrow_forward
What motivate an attraction to apply price discriminations? Will they succeed in applying price discrimination even though they are NOT a monopolist? Discuss your answer with a specific example of an attraction applying price discrimination in Malaysia.
arrow_forward
Questions 1
Please explain briefly the key characteristics of the following concepts
a) first-degree price discrimination
b) second-degree price discrimination
c) third-degree price discrimination
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What are the key conditions that must be present for a firm to successfully price discriminate? What are two different examples of price discrimination being practiced today?
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- Lesson 5.10 - Price Discrimination is a price structure in which the seller charges different prices for the product it sells and the price differences do not reflect cost differences. 2. There are three types of price discrimination. price discrimination is a price structure in which the seller charges the highest price that each consumer is willing to pay for the product rather than go without it. price discrimination is a price structure in which the seller charges a uniform price per unit for one specific quantity, a lower price for an additional quantity, and so price discrimination is a price structure in which the seller charges different prices in different markets or charges different prices to various segments of the buying population. 3. Before a seller can price discriminate, certain conditions must be in place: on. a. The seller must be a price b. The seller must be able to 1. c. The possibility for higher price, cannot exist. prices. among customers who are willing to pay…arrow_forwardAmazon Discrimination In September 2000, Amazon offered a Planet of the Apes DVD to customers using a Netscape Web browser for $64.99. Several seconds later, however, a similar search performed with Microsoft’s Internet Explorer browser resulted in a price of $74.99 for the same product. Why? Price Discrimination Describe a price discrimination opportunity your company faces—direct, indirect, or bundling. Tell your company how best to implement the scheme, and compute the profit consequences of implementing the scheme.arrow_forwardQUESTION 16 If the price of ground beef decreases, which of the following will occur? The demand curve for ground beef will shift to the left. The substitution effect will cause some consumers to switch to other types of meat. Consumers will experience a decrease in their purchasing power. There will be a movement down the demand curve for ground beef. QUESTION 17 Price discrimination is defined as: selling a product at the same price to each and every consumer selling a product at more than one price selling a product at its marginal cost plus a markup selling more than one version of a product producing goods and services for sale within the firm QUESTION 18 The demand function for Super Big Bright LED light bulbs is Qd = (45 million) - (3.5 million × P). If the company charged a price of $8 per bulb, how many will be demanded? 41.5 million 37 million 17 million 10 million QUESTION 19 If Goods X and Y are substitutes, if the price of Good X increases, this will cause a movement…arrow_forward
- using relevant examples distinguish among the three forms of price discrimination.arrow_forwardUse the following roundtable summary on price discrimination from the DOJ and FTC – Roundtable on Price Discrimination - to answer the following questions. a.) What conditions must be met in order for price discrimination to be feasible? What are the factors that determine the competitive implications of price discrimination? b.) Summarize the difference between price discrimination used for “exploitative” purposes vs. “exclusionary” purposes. Explain which – and why – one form is legal but the other is not? c.) Do you think there should be greater government regulations or oversight of firms’ ability to engage in price discrimination? Explain.arrow_forwardExercise 4.2 "With respect to the monopoly equilibrium without price discrimination, first-degree price discrimination increases the profit of the enterprise at the expense of reducing social welfare." Do you agree with this statement? Reason your answer and represent graphically.arrow_forward
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- In which cases would an organization benefit from using direct and indirect price discrimination? Does market structure influence the capacity of the firm to use price discrimination?arrow_forwardExample of a price discrimination.arrow_forwardQuestion 5: Jimmy has a room that overlooks, from some distance, a major league baseball stadium. He decides to rent a telescope for $50 a week and charge his friends and classmates to use it to peep at the game for 30 seconds. He can act as a monopolist for renting out "peeps". For each person who takes a 30 second peep, it costs Jimmy $.20 to clean the eyepiece. Jimmy believes he has the following demand for his service: Price of a Peep $1.20 Quantity of peeps demanded 1.00 90 100 150 200 250 300 70 60 50 350 40 30 400 450 20 10 500 550 a) For each price, calculate the total revenue from selling peeps and themarginal revenue per peep. Price Quantity TR MR $1.20 100 90 100 150 200 70 250 60 300 350 50 40 30 400 450 20 500 10 550 b) At what quantity will Jimmy's profit be maximized? What price will he charge? What will his total profit be? c) Jimmy's landlady complains about all the visitors coming into the building and tells Jimmy to stop selling peeps. Jimmy discovers, though, if he…arrow_forward
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