Week 12 Tutorial Exercises

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1012UAC

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Economics

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Jan 9, 2024

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Week 12 Tutorial Exercises Fiscal Policy Exercise 1 What is the difference between fiscal policy and monetary policy? Exercise 2 Briefly explain whether each of the following is: (i) an example of a discretionary fiscal policy, (ii) an example of an automatic stabiliser, or (iii) not an example of fiscal policy. a. The federal government increases spending on rebuilding towns devastated by fires. Not a fiscal policy b. The Reserve Bank of Australia sells government bonds. It is a monetary policy, usually called Quantitative Easing c. The total amount the federal government spends on unemployment benefits decreases during an economic expansion. Automatic stabiliser d. The revenue the federal government collects from the individual income tax declines during a contraction. Automictic stabiliser e. The federal government increases the excise tax on petrol to encourage the use of alternative fuels or means of transport. Not a fiscal policy f. During a downturn in economic growth, the Queensland state government approves new spending on new railway lines and stations. Discretionary fiscal policy Exercise 3 a. Use the aggregate demand, and short-run and long-run aggregate supply framework to show the effect of the COVID-19 recession. Briefly explain. b. On the graph in part a, draw the intended effect of the expansionary fiscal policy measure outlined in this chapter. Briefly explain. Exercise 4 Calculate the multiplier based on the following scenarios: 1
a. A decrease in government purchases of $3billion leads to a decrease in Real GDP of $7.5billion b. The marginal propensity to consume is 0.4 c. The marginal propensity to consume is 0.8 2
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