Lab 11 Electric Circuits

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Lone Star College, Tomball *

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1410

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Electrical Engineering

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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4

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Lab 9 Electric Circuits Objectives: Learn to build electric Circuits. Using voltmeter and Ammeter to measure voltage and current. Understand current and voltage relationships when resistors are in series and parallel. Apply Ohm’s law to solve current, voltage or resistance. Simulation link: https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc_en.html Introduction to the simulation and Ohm’s law: The simulation has a component selection pane on the left with various circuit components such as wires, batteries and bulbs. On the right side is an ammeter to measure current and a voltmeter to measure voltage. Below that is a battery shown pictorially and as an electric symbol. The circuit components can be viewed pictorially or as symbols by selecting one of these two. The convention in circuit analysis is for current to flow out of the positive terminal of the battery and into the negative terminal of the battery. In actuality, the flow of electrons is the opposite of this. On the top right of the screen you can select to see the flow of current. The relationship between current (I), voltage (V), and resistance (R) is given by Ohm’s Law V = IR o r I = V/R. Resistance value of components can be edited by a tap on the component. Procedure and Calculation: 1 point per question Part I Getting familiar with the simulation and symbols. Select ‘Labels’ and ‘Values’. Build the circuit in figure1 to get familiar with the PhET. The circuit in Fig 1 contains a battery connected to a bulb and resistor in series through a switch. Redraw this circuit in the box with the corresponding electric component symbols as shown below.
Part II Simple circuit Let’s start with a simple circuit – a 9v battery is connected to a resistor (10 Ω ) through a switch. A voltmeter can be used to measure the voltage across any component in the circuit as shown. (Tap the battery to edit voltage) # Questions Answers 1 What do you expect the voltage across the resistor to be? 9.0 v 2 Construct the circuit in figure 2 and measure the voltage across the resistor 9.0 v 3 Tap on the resistor and change the resistance to 20 Ω . Now measure the voltage across the resistor. 9.0 v 4 If the battery was changed into a 12V battery what would the voltage across the resistor be? 12.0 v 5 Return the resistance value back to 10 Ω so that the circuit looks like figure 2 again. Now what is the current flowing through this circuit? Calculate it using Ohm’s law. .9 6 Tap the battery and flip the polarity of the battery in the edit pane. Select Show Current’ on the top right and observe the flow. Return the battery polarity to the original orientation and observe the current flow again. What do you notice? The direction of the current switches Part III Resistors in Series Connect two 10 Ω resistors in series with a 9V battery as shown in figure 3. # Questions Answers 7 What do you expect the voltage across terminals A and C to be? 8 Using the voltmeter measure voltages: V AC, V AB, V BC . 9 v, 4.50 v, 4.50v 9 Calculate the effective resistance in the series circuit .45 10 Calculate equivalent current .45 11 Is the current flowing into the first and second resistor the same? You can check your answers by connecting the ammeter first at the negative terminal of the battery, and then at terminal C, and finally between B&C. yes
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