PH03_Resistivity

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Old Dominion University *

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103N

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Electrical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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8

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Old Dominion University PHYS 112 & PHYS 227/232/262 Lab Manual 1 OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY PHYS 112 PHYS 227/232/262 PH03 – RESISTIVITY Submitted By: 1. 2. 3. Submitted on Date Lab Instructor
2 Experiment PH03: Resistivity Resistivity Experiment PH03 Objective Investigate factors that influence the resistivity of different materials Materials Resistivity Apparatus Resistivity Wires Digital Multimeter, x2 DC Power Supply Wire Lead, Banana-Banana (5) (3 red, 2 black) Theory Ohm’s Law describes the relationship between the resistance (R) of a wire, the voltage drop across it (V), and current through it (I): V = IR (1) However, the resistance of a wire depends on characteristics of the wire: length ( l ), the cross- sectional area ( A ), and the resistivity ( ) of the material. Some materials have more or less ρ resistivity. R = ρ l A (2) Resistance depends on and A, but is a function of the material only. Electrical resistivity, and its ρ inverse, electrical conductivity, is a fundamental property of a material that quantifies how strongly it resists or conducts electric current. A low resistivity indicates a material that readily allows electric current. Resistivity is commonly represented by the Greek letter ρ (rho). The SI unit of electrical resistivity is the ohm-meter ( Ω⋅ m) Procedure In this experiment, you will apply a known current ( I ) through a piece of wire and measure V to determine R for wires of various lengths, diameters, and materials. This will allow you to determine the fundamental property of resistivity for different materials. Equipment Setup 1. Pick a random wire from the batch provided. Measure its diameter with the calipers and record this in Data Table 1. 2. Move the reference and slider probes to the extreme left and right positions so they are parked on the ramps that will hold them off of the wire.
Old Dominion University PHYS 112 & PHYS 227/232/262 Lab Manual 3 Figure PH03.2: Wire Installation 3. Loosen the wire clamps. Insert a wire through the clamps and under the probes, as shown in the diagram. Observe the alignment lines marked near the wire clamps and note that the wire goes through the front of the left-hand clamp and through the back of the right-hand clamp. (This configuration causes the wire to be pulled tight when the clamps are closed.) 4. Tighten both clamps enough to secure the wire in place. 5. Set the voltage of the power supply to zero. Connect the power supply to the multimeters and the apparatus as shown in the following diagram. Figure PH03.3: Equipment Setup 6. Set the top multimeter to A to measure current. Set the bottom multimeter to V– to measure voltage. (Do not use V~ as this is for alternating current. We are using direct current.)
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