Chapter 3 Practice Problems - Conceptual
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FI 311 – Fall 2022 – Chapter 3 Practice Problems
Conceptual:
1.
Define liquidity as it is used at the asset level and at the firm level.
a.
Asset level:
How well an asset can be converted into cash and without losing significant value
b.
Firm level:
How well a company is at meeting its short-term obligations
2.
Explain the trade-off a firm faces between high liquidity and low liquidity levels.
a.
If a firm has high liquidity, it has more than adequate resources to cover short-
term obligations, but it is not putting its resources out to maximize earnings
b.
Low liquidity means a company is putting resources to work, but could have issues with short-term obligations
3.
Debt is often described as “leverage”. Why, and what are the implications of this?
a.
Leverage is just something that magnifies the power of something else; Amplifies
the power of assets… potential gains and losses. The implication is increasing earning power, but making sure you can manage debt
4.
Describe the difference between book value and market value as well as their implications in financial decision-making.
a.
Book value: Value of an asset that appears on books of company; Historical cost – any accumulated depreciation; Known quantity
… may have no bearing on what that asset is truly worth today
b.
Market value: What someone else is willing to pay you right now… It’s true worth; Sometimes it’s very difficult to know what something is truly worth… more important though
5.
In preparing a balance sheet, why do you think standard accounting practice focuses on historical cost rather than market value?
a.
Historical cost and book value is a known quantity… know quantities are preferred for accuracy reasons, estimates are not good enough
6.
Suppose a company’s cash flow from assets is negative for a particular period. Is this necessarily a good sign or a bad sign?
a.
Not necessarily a good or bad sign; Like everything in finance, always look beyond numbers, they don’t tell the full story
Calculating:
7. Company W has current assets of $4,900, net fixed assets of $27,300, current liabilities of $4,100, and long-term debt of $10,200. What is the company’s amount of Net Working Capital?
8. Fictitious company G’s revenue for the previous year was $796,000, total costs were $327,000, depreciation expense was $42,000, interest expense was $34,000, and the company has a tax rate of 21%. What was last year’s Net Income?
9. A company’s 2017 balance sheet showed current assets of $4,810 and current liabilities of $2,230. The 2018 balance sheet showed current assets of $5,360 and current liabilities of $2,970. What was the company’s 2018 change in NWC?
10. Company K’s 2017 balance sheet showed long-term debt of $1.87 million, and its 2018 balance sheet showed long-term debt of $2.21 million. The 2018 income statement showed an interest expense of $255,000. What was the firm’s Cash Flow to Creditors in 2018?
11. The company in Question 10’s 2017 balance sheet also showed $4.63 million in Common Stock (paid-in capital is included in this figure); the 2018 balance sheet common stock number was $5.005 million. If the company paid out $545,000 in cash dividends in 2018, what was the Cash Flow to Stockholders for the year?
12. Using the data from Questions 10 and 11 above, what is the amount of the firm’s Cash Flow From Assets?
13. Williamston Widgets, Inc. (WWI), purchased a new widget machine 3 years ago for $6 million (this is the company’s only fixed asset). Stockbridge Sprockets has offered to buy the machine from them today for $5.1 million. WWI has taken a total of $2.6 million in depreciation thus far on its widget machine. By how much does the market value of the firm’s fixed assets exceed the book value?
Use the following for Q 14-16: Company M’s financial statements showed the following information:
•
Current Accounts:
–
2019: current assets = 4,400; current liabilities = 1,500
–
2018: current assets = 3,500; current liabilities = 1,200
•
Fixed Assets and Depreciation
–
2019: net fixed assets = 3,400; 2018: net fixed assets = 3,100
–
Depreciation Expense = 400
•
Long-term Debt and Equity (Paid-in capital included in Common Stock)
–
2019: LTD = 4,000; Common stock = 500
–
2018: LTD = 3,950; Common stock = 400
•
Income Statement
–
EBIT = 2,000; Taxes = 300
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Related Questions
In deciding the appropriate levelof current assets for the firm,management is confronted with
A. a trade-off between short-term versus long-term borrowing.B. a trade-off between profitability and risk.C. a trade-off between equity and debt.D. a trade-off between liquidity and marketability.
arrow_forward
What is the correct option?
arrow_forward
If a company is worried about having enough cash to pay interest to their bondholders, rent to their landlords and wages to their employees. they are having:a. Solvency issuesb. Liquidity issuesc. Duration matching issues
arrow_forward
please answer all the question.
1. Identify two important variables to be considered when making an investment decision.
2. What must a company do in the long run to be able to provide a return to investors and creditors?
3. What is the primary objective of financial accounting?
4. Define net operating cash flows. Briefly explain why periodic net operating cash flows may not be a good indicator of future operating cash flows.
5. What is meant by GAAP? why should all companies follow GAAP in reporting to external users?
6. Explain the roles of the SEC and the FASB in the sitting of accounting standards.
arrow_forward
a. Discuss the factors that are likely to influence the desired level of cash of a company
b. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of using short term debt, as opposed to long term debt, in the financing of working capit. 1
c. Why cash flows rather than profits are most desirable in financial management?
d. Explain the term "agency relationships" and discuss the conflicts that might exist in the relationship between'
i) Shareholder and managers
ii) Shareholders and creditors
What steps may be taken to overcome these conflicts? (.
arrow_forward
1. Explain the concept of of Principle no. 2 of Financial Management "There is risk-Return Trade Off2.Give examples of financial decisions faced by companies and individuals
arrow_forward
The most stringent measure of the liquidity status of a business firm.
a. Current ratio
b. Quick Ratio
c. Cash Ratio
d. Average collection period
arrow_forward
Explain, how the liquidity constraints of an otherwise solvent firm may result in its default. Conduct your analysis to assess liquidity of the firm and comment whether it is subject to any threat to default in the short run. Also make suggestions for improvement where necessary.
arrow_forward
Liquidity means that the firm has adequate cash to pay bills as and when they fall due
Select one:
a. False
b. True
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A 78.
arrow_forward
Liquidity risk is
a. The risk of doing business in a particular industry or environment
b. The uncertainty about the time element, the price concession , and the conversion to cash
c. The risk if loss due to import and export dominated in other currencies
d. The risk associated with the use of debt financing by companies.
**************************** correct answer please&***************
arrow_forward
The DuPont equation shows the relationships among asset management, debt management, and ratios. Management can use the DuPont equation to analyze ways of improving the firm's performance. Its equation is:
Ratio analysis is important to understand and interpret financial statements; however, sound financial analysis involves more than just calculating and interpreting numbers. factors also need to be considered.
Quantitative Problem: Rosnan Industries' 2022 and 2021 balance sheets and income statements are shown below.
Balance Sheets
2022
2021
Assets
Cash and equivalents
$
70
$
55
Accounts receivable
275
300
Inventories
375
350
Total current assets
$
720
$
705
Net plant and equipment
2,000
1,490
Total assets
$
2,720
$
2,195
Liabilities and Equity
Accounts payable
$
150
$
85
Accruals
75
50…
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need help
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One of the following statement is
true about strategies of liquidity
management
Select one:
O a. Asset Liquidity Management or
Asset Conversion Strategy. This
strategy calls for storing liquidity in
the form of illiquid assets (T-bills,
fed funds loans, CDs, etc.) and
selling them when liquidity is
needed
b. Borrowed Liquidity or Liability
Management Strategy. This strategy
calls for the bank to purchase or
borrow from the money market to
cover all of its liquidity needs
Balanced Liquidity Strategy. The
C.
use of liquid asset holdings (Asset
Management)
O d. No need to follow any strategy
for liquidity management
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1. What is an investor’s objective in financial statement analysis?
a. To determine if the firm is risky
b. To determine the stability of earnings.
c. To determine changes necessary to improve future performance
d. To determine whether or not an investment is warranted by estimating a company’s future earnings stream
2. The current ratio isa. calculated by dividing current liabilities by current assets.
b. used to evaluate a company's liquidity and short-term debt paying ability
c. used to evaluate a company's solvency and long-term debt paying ability.
d. calculated by subtracting current liabilities from current assets.
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1. Refers to the inability of the business to meet its obligations as they mature on account of insufficient resources.
A. Default risk
B. Interest-rate risk
C. Purchasing power risk
D. Liquidity risk
2. A type of risk that relates to changes in the prime interest rate which have significant effects on the cost of money but not directly on the liquidity of the business.
A. Financial risk
B. Interest-rate risk
C. Purchasing power risk
D. Liquidity risk
3. Refers to the changes in the conditions and those variables affecting the cost of capital, capital structure and also management decisions made to directly influence the market price of a stock.
A. Financial risk
B. Interest-rate risk
C. Purchasing power risk
D. Liquidity risk
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Which of the following would increase cash flow for a firm?
a. A purchase of fixed assets
b. Cash sales
c. Purchase of markatable securities
d. Credit sales
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Help me answer this thank youuu
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How to calculate a company's financial liquidity, solvency, efficiency, profability and market perspective? Thank you.
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What does a firm need to do to
improve liquidity?
O A. Stock up on inventory in order
to never run out of stock
O B. Extend credit terms to
customers in order to gain more
sales
O C. Pay all bills and payables when
due
O D. Speed up collection of
accounts receivable from customers
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Which of the following is defined as the level of capital that allows banks to sustain the potential losses arising from all current risks and to comply with an acceptable solvency level.
a.
Asset liquidity
b.
Capital adequacy
c.
Liquidity position of a bank
d.
Market liquidity
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Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion
As a firm progresses through the maturity stage of its life cycle, what type of financial flexible account will it be more likely to use to balance the balance sheet?
a. Property, plant & equipment
b. Issued debt
c. Share repurchases
d. Issued equity
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Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
Question 20 options:
1)
The finance manager manages the short-term balance sheet items of the company, such as current assets and current liabilities.
2)
The finance manager uses investment evaluation techniques to decide whether to purchase fixed assets.
3)
The finance manager seeks to maximise the firm’s wealth when deciding on the choice of capital sources such as debts and equity.
4)
The right-hand side of the balance sheet refers to the company’s investment decisions to buy fixed assets to generate returns.
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please answer below in detail
arrow_forward
how can businesses effectively manage their liquidity and profitability through understanding concepts such as current liabilities, operating cycle, and cash conversion cycle in the context of short-term decision-making?
arrow_forward
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Related Questions
- In deciding the appropriate levelof current assets for the firm,management is confronted with A. a trade-off between short-term versus long-term borrowing.B. a trade-off between profitability and risk.C. a trade-off between equity and debt.D. a trade-off between liquidity and marketability.arrow_forwardWhat is the correct option?arrow_forwardIf a company is worried about having enough cash to pay interest to their bondholders, rent to their landlords and wages to their employees. they are having:a. Solvency issuesb. Liquidity issuesc. Duration matching issuesarrow_forward
- please answer all the question. 1. Identify two important variables to be considered when making an investment decision. 2. What must a company do in the long run to be able to provide a return to investors and creditors? 3. What is the primary objective of financial accounting? 4. Define net operating cash flows. Briefly explain why periodic net operating cash flows may not be a good indicator of future operating cash flows. 5. What is meant by GAAP? why should all companies follow GAAP in reporting to external users? 6. Explain the roles of the SEC and the FASB in the sitting of accounting standards.arrow_forwarda. Discuss the factors that are likely to influence the desired level of cash of a company b. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of using short term debt, as opposed to long term debt, in the financing of working capit. 1 c. Why cash flows rather than profits are most desirable in financial management? d. Explain the term "agency relationships" and discuss the conflicts that might exist in the relationship between' i) Shareholder and managers ii) Shareholders and creditors What steps may be taken to overcome these conflicts? (.arrow_forward1. Explain the concept of of Principle no. 2 of Financial Management "There is risk-Return Trade Off2.Give examples of financial decisions faced by companies and individualsarrow_forward
- The most stringent measure of the liquidity status of a business firm. a. Current ratio b. Quick Ratio c. Cash Ratio d. Average collection periodarrow_forwardExplain, how the liquidity constraints of an otherwise solvent firm may result in its default. Conduct your analysis to assess liquidity of the firm and comment whether it is subject to any threat to default in the short run. Also make suggestions for improvement where necessary.arrow_forwardLiquidity means that the firm has adequate cash to pay bills as and when they fall due Select one: a. False b. Truearrow_forward
- A 78.arrow_forwardLiquidity risk is a. The risk of doing business in a particular industry or environment b. The uncertainty about the time element, the price concession , and the conversion to cash c. The risk if loss due to import and export dominated in other currencies d. The risk associated with the use of debt financing by companies. **************************** correct answer please&***************arrow_forwardThe DuPont equation shows the relationships among asset management, debt management, and ratios. Management can use the DuPont equation to analyze ways of improving the firm's performance. Its equation is: Ratio analysis is important to understand and interpret financial statements; however, sound financial analysis involves more than just calculating and interpreting numbers. factors also need to be considered. Quantitative Problem: Rosnan Industries' 2022 and 2021 balance sheets and income statements are shown below. Balance Sheets 2022 2021 Assets Cash and equivalents $ 70 $ 55 Accounts receivable 275 300 Inventories 375 350 Total current assets $ 720 $ 705 Net plant and equipment 2,000 1,490 Total assets $ 2,720 $ 2,195 Liabilities and Equity Accounts payable $ 150 $ 85 Accruals 75 50…arrow_forward
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Recommended textbooks for you
- Financial Reporting, Financial Statement Analysis...FinanceISBN:9781285190907Author:James M. Wahlen, Stephen P. Baginski, Mark BradshawPublisher:Cengage Learning
Financial Reporting, Financial Statement Analysis...
Finance
ISBN:9781285190907
Author:James M. Wahlen, Stephen P. Baginski, Mark Bradshaw
Publisher:Cengage Learning