M4 - Practical Application 2

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Louisiana State University, Shreveport *

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Course

702

Subject

Finance

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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10

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MBA702: Fall 2023 - AP2 M4: Practical Application 2 Feedback comments Great!! You performed well in completing the rate of return calculations, as well as the calculations involving the various methods of capital budgeting evaluation. You also demonstrated an understanding of the IRR, and also the consideration of changes impacting the NPV. The only corrections included : # 1 (add values for the total) ; Project C's NPV is negative and its PI (and double decision deductions were not made) , and to clarify 8 a (ii), the NPV does take into account a reinvestment rate (as later stated, the cost of capital - no points deducted) Answers are highlighted in blue. Setup: Baker Corp. has several new projects that look attractive, but some are riskier than the firm's past projects. Baker has received a major inflow of cash from a venture capital firm, in exchange for 25% of the firm's closely held stock. The VC firm has asked Baker managers to "run the numbers" to examine both the market outlook and the expected returns on each of the projects they are considering. The cash infusion will not cover all the proposed projects; Baker and its new investors need to know which projects should be approved. 1. Based on Baker's earnings history over the past 10 years across a variety of projects, which have covered various states of the economy, the venture capital execs want Baker to estimate their overall returns. Given the following estimates of economy over the next several years, determine Baker's expected rate of return. (6 pts) Note, this type of development firm has much higher than normal returns under normal and boom conditions. The probability of each state of the economy reflects the current situation, not necessarily historic market conditions for the firm. State of the Economy Current Probability of State of the Economy Rate of Return if State Occurs Boom 20% 23.0% Normal 55% 10.0% Recession 25% -21.0% Expected return for “average” company project (based on assumed economic probabilities) = Boom: 20%*23% = 4.6% Correction: add values for the total Normal: 55%*10% = 5.5% Recession: 25%*-21% = -5.25% 2. Historically, Baker projects have had an average beta of 1.25, which indicates the higher risk levels for the firm. Assuming the market risk premium (MRP) currently estimated to be 6% and the risk-free rate is 5.53%, what is the required return for an "average" Baker project using based on its average project beta? Show the average required return to 2 decimal places (x.xx%). (6 pts) Expected return for “average” company project (based on current estimated MRP) = R=Rf + (beta * MRP) 1
MBA702: Fall 2023 - AP2 M4: Practical Application 2 Rf = 5.53% Beta = 1.25 MRP = 6% R= 5.53% + (1.25 * 6%) R= 5.53% + 7.5% R= 13.03% 3. The potential projects that Baker is considering have the following expected cash flows. Each project has its own unique risk and as such, the beta on each project is given. Using the data from #2 for the risk-free rate and market risk premium, what is the required percentage return for each of the projects? Show the required returns to 2 decimals, that is xx.xx%. You will use these rates when analyzing each project in the next part of the assignment, these are the required rates of return for Problems 4-6) . (8 pts) R=Rf + (beta * MRP) Rf = 5.53% MRP = 6% Project A Project B Project C Project D Beta 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.6 Required Return (show work) R= 5.53% + (1.3* 6%) =.0553+ (1.3*.06) = .0553 + .078 = .1333 = 13.33% R= 5.53% + (0.9* 6%) =.0553+ (0.9*.06) = .0553 + .054 = .1093 = 10.93% R= 5.53% + (1.1* 6%) =.0553+ (1.1*.06) = .0553 + .0660 = .1213 = 12.13% R= 5.53% + (1.6* 6%) =.0553+ (1.6*.06) = .0553 + .0960 = .1513 = 15.13% NOTE: When a firm has projects that differ in risk (beta) than the "average" for the company, then the firm's overall required return (from Problem 2) isn't applicable. Each project needs to provide a return greater than or equal to its unique risk-adjusted required return. THE RATES CALCULATED FOR PROJECTS A – D IN #3 ARE THE REQUIRED RETURNS FOR EACH FOR THE FOLLOWING: Use for Problems 4-7. For each project, calculate the NPV, IRR, profitability index (PI) and the payback period. For each capital budgeting decision tool, indicate if the project should be accepted or rejected, assuming that each project is independent of the others. Important Note: The venture capital folks, when considering payback period, have a firm maximum payback period of four years. This 4-year payback period has no impact on other capital budgeting analysis techniques, each is to be considered on its own. In other words, yes, all cash flows need to be considered for NPV, IRR, and PI. Expected cash flows for the four potential projects that Baker is considering as shown below (each project ends when its cash flows end): Year Project A Project B Project C Project D 0 -$4,000,000 -$3,000,000 -$6,000,000 -$7,250,000 1 $1,000,000 $300,000 $1,500,000 $2,500,000 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $1,500,000 $3,000,000 2
MBA702: Fall 2023 - AP2 M4: Practical Application 2 3 $1,000,000 $500,000 $2,500,000 $2,000,000 4 $1,000,000 $750,000 $2,500,000 $1,500,000 5 $800,000 $750,000 $1,500,000 6 $0 $750,000 7 $800,000 $750,000 8 $300,000 $750,000 9 $750,000 10 $750,000 I have provided a suggested template for your final answers. Below the grid is where you should show all your required backup calculations ( this means your cash flow register inputs, the interest rate, PI calculation and cumulative cash flows for payback ). If you are working this in Excel, feel free to submit your Excel sheet, where the equations in the cells will provide the required backup. Be sure to clearly indicate the required rate of return for each project (you calculated each in Problem 3). Remember that each capital budgeting method should be calculated and analyzed on a stand-alone basis. Year Project A Project B Project C Project D Point s Req. Return (use 2 decimals xx.xx%) 13.33% 10.93% 12.13% 15.13% 6 4a NPV (to nearest $1) -$174,462 -$637,952 $114,539 $90,679 2 4 b NPV accept/reject A A A A 4 5a IRR (xx.xx%) 11.77% 15.15% 11.31% 15.72% 2 5 b IRR accept/reject A A R A 4 6a PI (show 2 decimals, x.xx) 0.96 1.21 1.96 1.01 2 6 b PI accept/reject R A A A 4 7a Payback Period (x.x years) 4 years 5.3 years 3.2 years 2.9 years 2 7 b Payback accept/reject A R A A WORK SHOWN ON NEXT PAGES 3
MBA702: Fall 2023 - AP2 M4: Practical Application 2 Project A Required Return = 13.33% CF0 -$4,000,000 CF1 $1,000,000 F01= 4 CF2 $800,000 F02= 1 CF3 $0 F03= 1 CF4 $800,000 F04= 1 CF5 $300,000 F05=1 4a. NPV= -$174,462.38 4b. accept because >0 5a. IRR= 11.7790 5b. accept because > return 6a. PI= 3,825,537.619/4,000,000= 0.9564 6b. reject because <1 Years Cash Flow Cumulative Cash Flow 0 ($4,000,000) ($4,000,000) 1 $1,000,000 ($3,000,000) 2 $1,000,000 ($2,000,000) 3 $1,000,000 ($1,000,000) 4 $1,000,000 $0 5 $800,000 $800,000 6 $0 $800,000 7 $800,000 $1,600,000 8 $300,000 $1,900,000 7a. Payback Period = 4 years project lasts 8 years firm’s maximum payback period= 4 years 7b. accept because not longer than max payback period (continues on next page) 4
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