MOD5 WEAX 1

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Palomar College *

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110

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Geography

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by ProfTeam10737

Question Set A: 2. A: Using Buys-Ballot's rule and wind direction, we can locate a low-pressure system using pressure gradient force, Coriolis effect, and geostrophic wind balancing. Buys-Ballot's law is a key weather concept. It depicts how Northern Hemisphere high- and low-pressure systems affect wind direction. The southeast breeze blows in Daytona Beach, Florida. In the Northern Hemisphere, with your back to the wind, the low-pressure system is on your left. To your right is the high-pressure system. Use this law to locate the low-pressure system: View the Wind: The wind is southeast. In the Northern Hemisphere, winds blow counterclockwise around low-pressure zones and clockwise around high-pressure areas. You are on the right side of a low-pressure system if the wind is southeast. Use the Buys-Ballot law: Stand with your back to the wind. Low-pressure systems should be on the left, according Buys-Ballot. You're facing northwest; thus, the low-pressure system is west- southwest. Air flows from high to low pressure due to the pressure gradient force. Low pressure pushes air toward the middle, raising it. Air expands under pressure, sinking items. Pressure changes cause wind. In the Northern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect flips air to the right. It turns the Southern Hemisphere air left. Earth spin generated this bent. This causes Northern Hemisphere low- pressure storm winds to travel against time. A geostrophic wind balance occurs when the Coriolis effect and pressure differential force are equivalent at high elevations. Friction disrupts this balance near the surface, but winds higher up move along isobars, which are steady pressure lines. Buys-Ballot's law measures surface winds well because it accounts for Coriolis effect bends. You are right to think that the low-pressure system is centered about west- southwest of Daytona Beach based on the direction of the wind and Buys- Ballot's law. The interaction of the pressure gradient force, the Coriolis effect, and the geostrophic wind balance led to this result. These are basic ideas in meteorology.

Question set B 4: A The hole that can be seen in the altostratus cloud layer and the cirrus clouds above it can be explained by how clouds grow and move. To figure out how this happens, we can use what we learned in Module 4 about how precipitation works: In calm weather, moist air rises and cools, generating condensation and cloud droplets. These clouds blanket the sky regularly and look smooth. Rain forms as little water drops in the air grow larger and heavier until they hit the ground. A warm front, as warm, moist air moves above denser, cooler air, typically causes altostratus clouds. As heated air rises, it cools and meets its dew point, creating clouds. Altostratus cloud droplets can collide and generate larger drops. Falling air currents cause the altostratus layer "cloud break" or hole. Subsidence—air rising to the surface—is commonly linked to downward air currents. While falling, air gets warmer and drier, causing cloud drops to evaporate and spread. As this air falls, it might create holes or clear spaces in the cloud layer for sunlight. Cirrus clouds above the hole are caused by the same atmospheric processes. Cirrus clouds are high-altitude ice crystal clouds. The falling air in the altostratus layer hole may have created a small depression that allowed cirrus clouds to grow above it. Cirrus clouds may be ice crystals from the altostratus cloud layer since they are higher and cooler. To sum up, the hole that could be seen in the altostratus cloud layer was caused by air currents that were going down because the cloud layer was sinking. As the air fell and warmed, the cloud drops evaporated and spread out, leaving a clear area. Cirrus clouds may be visible above the hole because of the same changes in the atmosphere and the formation of ice crystals from water freezing at higher elevations. This event shows how temperature, moisture, and the stability of the atmosphere all work together in complicated ways to cause clouds to form and break up. Reference: Ahrens, C. D., & Henson, R. (2022). Meteorology today : an introduction to weather, climate and the environment (13th edition, Student edition.).

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