Observing Weather Gizmos

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Palm Beach State College *

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1101

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Geography

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Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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Name: Amani Date: 9/29/23 Student Exploration: Observing Weather (Metric) Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes. Vocabulary: anemometer, atmosphere, aurora borealis, cumulonimbus cloud, equator, evaporate, fog, humidity, hygrometer, latitude, precipitation, rain gauge, thermometer, temperature, thunderstorm, weather, weather station Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. If you were describing the weather to someone, what kinds of things would you talk about? I would talk about its temperature, the clouds, and humidity. 2. What instruments can you use to gather information about weather? The instruments you can use are hygrometer, thermometer, rain gauge,and an anemometer. Gizmo Warm-up Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air called the atmosphere . The weather is the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place. In the Observing Weather (Metric) Gizmo, you will record and compare weather conditions in several locations. To begin, check that New York is selected on the world map. Check that the date is January 1. Click Observe weather and select Metric units . 1. Click Play ( ) and observe for one day. A. What types of weather do you see? First it was cloudy then it was rainy then it was snowy and then it was cloudy again B. Based on the weather, do you think the day was hot or cold? cold 2. Click the thermometer ( ) to measure the temperature , or how hot or cold it is. Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius (°C). Water freezes at 0 °C and boils at 100 °C. If the temperature is below 0 °C, use a negative number, like –8 °C. What is the temperature at 11:59 PM ? -1 Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved

Activity A: Collecting weather data Get the Gizmo ready : ● Check that the selected location and date is New York, January 1. ● With Observe weather selected, click Reset ( ). Question: How do we measure weather conditions? 1. Measure : The time should be 12:00 AM , or midnight. Notice the weather station , shown at right. Select the thermometer. Each line on the thermometer represents 2 °C. What is the current temperature? -3 Record this value in the first row and of the Weather journal on the right side of the Gizmo, under Temp. (°C) . 2. Measure : Select the anemometer , an instrument used to measure the wind speed and direction. Wind direction is the direction the wind is blowing from . For example, a “north” wind is moving from north to south. What are the wind speed and direction? 5 km Record these values in the journal 3. Measure : Select the rain gauge . The rain gauge collects any precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, or hail) that falls from the sky. Precipitation is measured in millimeters. Is there any water in the rain gauge? no If not, record “0” in the journal. 4. Measure : Select the round hygrometer . The hygrometer measures humidity , or how much water is in the air. Humidity is measured as a percentage. Perfectly dry air has 0% humidity, while air with a maximum amount of moisture has 100% humidity. What is the current humidity? 59 Record this value in the journal. Activity B: San Francisco and Kansas City Get the Gizmo ready : ● Choose the World map . ● Select San Francisco and January 1. Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved

● Click Observe weather . Question: How does weather depend on a location? 1. Predict : In the first part of this activity, you will compare the weather in San Francisco, which is on the Pacific coast, to the weather in Kansas City, which is in the middle of the continent. A. How do you think a winter day in San Francisco will be different from Kansas City? I think a winter day in San Francisco will be different from Kansas City because San Francisco is located somewhere else than Kansas City, so San Francisco will be warmer than Kansas City. B. How do you think a summer day in San Francisco will be different from Kansas City? I think a summer day will be warmer in Kansas City than San Francisco. 2. Record : Turn on Pause simulation every three hours . Use the weather instruments to record weather conditions in San Francisco at 12:00 AM in the journal. Then, use the Gizmo to fill in data for 3:00 AM , 6:00 AM , and so on until 11:59 PM . How would you describe the weather on this day? steady rain throughout the day Record this in the notes section of the journal. 3. Record : Click Reset and select July 1 . Use the same process to fill in the weather journal for this day. What interesting weather condition did you see? rain San Francisco is famous for low clouds called fog . Fog occurs when warm air is cooled by cold ocean waters. This causes water vapor in the air to cool and condense to form a cloud. 4. Record : Click Reset . On the World map , select Kansas City and January 1. Select Observe weather and use the Gizmo to fill in the journal for both January 1 and July 1. Describe the weather on January 1: rainy throughout the day Describe the weather on July 1: foggy in the morning and windy in the middle of the day On July 1 there was a thunderstorm . Thunderstorms occur when hot, moist air rises rapidly, then cools to form tall cumulonimbus clouds . These clouds can produce heavy rain, wind, and lightning. Thunderstorms often happen in the late afternoon. 5. Calculate : Click Reset and Graph data . Turn on the Compare graphs box. Use the Page back and Page forward buttons to get San Francisco, January 1 on the left and San Francisco, July 1 on the right. Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved

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