Review Sheet for Test 1 221 B-C Excel-1

Outline for Unit 1 Exam 1) Formulas you will need for the exam Z = x − μ σ Z = x − μ σ √ n 2) Sampling and Data Collection a) Know the five steps of a statistical process (Daniel Steps) b) Know the difference between Experimental Design vs Observational Study c) Know the difference between a parameter and a statistic d) Know the difference between Population vs Sample e) Know the difference between Categorical vs Quantitative Data f) Know what type of graphs you can use for Quantitative data g) Know the different types of random samples h) Know the reason why we need a sample to be a random sample i) Know the types of non-random samples 3) Descriptive Statistics - First step after Data collection looking at shape, center and spread a) Graphical – Histograms, Boxplots – measures of shape i. Know what is right skewed, left skewed and bell-shaped distributions based on graphs and based on comparing the median and mean ii. Know which is higher or lower or similar between the mean and median for the different types of distributions b) Numerical – Mean, Median, and Mode and Standard Deviation (Variance) and Five number summary – measures of center and spread i. Know how to calculate each by hand and by using EXCEL ii. Calculate Percentiles using EXCEL iii. Know the definition iv. Know what are measures of center and what are measures of spread v. Know how to get the five number summary from a boxplot and generally interpret a boxplot as well as determine from a boxplot if a distribution is left-skewed, right-skewed or symmetrical vi. Know the general definition of a percentile 4) Probability a) Know the three basic probability rules b) Know how to calculate basic probabilities based on these rules 5) Normal Distribution a) Know the Properties b) Determine calculations using the empirical rule (68-95-99.7) c) Know how to Calculate and use the Z-Score d) Know how to define and interpret a Z-score e) Find the Area under the Normal Curve using a Z-Score f) Identify unusual or rare events with a Z-Score g) Understand and Determine percentiles with data that is normally distributed h) Visually assessing normality (using histograms and normal quantile or probability plots ) 6) Understand the Definitions of the Law of Large Numbers and Central Limit Theorem