tcp

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School

North Carolina State University *

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Course

401

Subject

Information Systems

Date

Oct 30, 2023

Type

pdf

Pages

1

Uploaded by ChefPigeon548

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TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) TCP, or Transmission Control Protocol, is a connecƟon-oriented, reliable, and stream-based transport layer protocol. It plays a pivotal role in ensuring end-to-end communicaƟon and data integrity between applicaƟons. When a connecƟon is established using TCP, a virtual "circuit" is created between the sender and receiver, providing a guarantee that all data sent will reach its desƟnaƟon in the correct order and without errors. The operaƟon of TCP is characterized by a series of well-defined procedures. ConnecƟon establishment begins with a "three-way handshake" involving SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK packets to synchronize both ends of the connecƟon. Once the connecƟon is set up, the data transfer takes place in the form of byte streams, rather than disƟnct packets, providing an abstracƟon that simplifies the task for applicaƟon developers. Reliability is another cornerstone of TCP. It employs various mechanisms like acknowledgments, sequence numbers, and sliding window techniques to ensure that packets are delivered reliably. If packets are lost, duplicated, or arrive out of order, TCP will handle retransmiƫng or rearranging them. Moreover, flow control mechanisms are in place to match the rate at which data is sent with the rate at which the receiver can process it, prevenƟng network congesƟon. One drawback of TCP is its overhead due to the various control mechanisms, making it less suitable for real-Ɵme applicaƟons like video streaming or gaming where low latency is a priority.
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