M2D Reactor Coolant design

Separate streams of steam and air flow through the turbine and heat exchanger arrangement shown in the figure below, where ins = 1500 kg/min and W;1 = 8,000 kW,. Steady-state operating data are provided on the figure. Heat transfer with the surroundings can be neglected, as can all kinetic and potential energy effects. Wn W2 = ? Turbine Turbine 2 P3 = 10 bar T3 =? T = 240°C T2 = 400°C P2= 10 bar P4=1 bar www Steam in 2 T = 600°C PI = 20 bar Ts = 1500 K -5 Ps = 1.35 bar 9. Heat exchanger V T6 = 1200 K P6 = 1 bar Air in Determine: (a) T3, in K. (b) the power output of the second turbine, in kW.

6. In an heat exchanger of parallel flow type, water enters at 60°C and leaves at 80°C while oil of specific gravity 0.8 enters at 250°C and leaves at 100°C. The specific heat of oil is 2.5 kJ/kg K and surrounding temperature is 300 K. Determine the loss in availability on the basis of one kg of oil flow per second. [Ans. – 59.9 kJ]

In an absorption refrigerator, the energy driving the process is sllPplied not as work, but as heat from a gas flame. (Such refrigerators commonly use propane as fuel, and are used in locations where electricity is unavailable. *) Let us define the following symbols, all taken to be positive by definition:                     Qf = heat input from flame                      Qe = heat extracted from inside refrigerator                      Qr = waste heat expelled to room                      Tf = temperature of flame                                         Te temperature inside refrigerator                                           Tr = room temperature Explain why the "coefficient of performance" (COP) for an absorption refrigerator should be defined as Qc/Qf.

In an absorption refrigerator, the energy driving the process is sllPplied not as work, but as heat from a gas flame. (Such refrigerators commonly use propane as fuel, and are used in locations where electricity is unavailable. *) Let us define the following symbols, all taken to be positive by definition:                     Qf = heat input from flame                      Qe = heat extracted from inside refrigerator                      Qr = waste heat expelled to room                      Tf = temperature of flame                                         Te temperature inside refrigerator                                           Tr = room temperature Use the second law of thermodynamics to derive an upper limit on the COP, in terms of the temperatures Tf, Te, and Tr alone.

In the vapor-recompression evaporator shown in Figure P24.27, the vapor produced on evaporation is compressed to a higher pressure and passed through the heating coil to provide the energy for evaporation. The steam entering the compressor is 98% vapor and 2% liquid, at 10 psia; the steam leaving the compressor is at 50 psia and 400°F; and 6 Btu of heat are lost from the compressor per pound of steam throughput. The condensate leaving the heating coil is at 50 psia, 200°F. (a) Compute: The Btu of heat supplied for evaporation in the heating coil per Btu of work needed for compression by the compressor. (b) If 1,000,000 Btu per hour of heat is to be transferred in the evaporator, what must be the intake capacity of the compressor in ft3 of wet vapor per minute? Compressor Heating Coil Figure P24.27 Condensate

(a) An Ocean Thermal Energy Converter (OTEC) pumps 200 m^3/s through a heat exchanger in which the temperature (expressed in Kelvins) drops by 1%. All the heat extracted is delivered to the ammonia boiler [11. The ammonia temperature. THT at turbine inlet is equal to the mean temperature of the water in the warm water heat exchanger minus 1 °K. The temperature, TCT, of the ammonia leaving the turbine is kept at 10 °C by the cooling effect of 250 m³/s of cold water. The efficiency of turbine/generator system is 90% of the Carnot efficiency of a heat engine working between THT and TCT . 12 MW of the produced electricity is used for pumping. Heat capacity of water is 4.2 MJ m³ K-1. Calculate the intake temperature of the warm water for the following cases: i) A total of 20 MW of electricity is available for sale? ii) The OTEC produces exactly equal to the amount of power needed for pumping?

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