06-05_task

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University of Alabama *

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0180

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Mechanical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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Name: Date: School: Facilitator: 6.05 Forces Lab To complete this virtual lab, first open the PhET Forces and Motions Interactive found linked on the Task page. Follow the directions below for each section to complete this virtual activity. Part 1: Net Force Open the first section of the PhET Force and Motions Interactive: Net Forces. You will use this interactive to set up two tug of war games. Before you set up your games, click the boxes to show the “Sum of Forces” and “Values” at the top of the page. Drag a blue team and a red team onto the rope. Set up your team in such a way that the forces on each side are not equal. Record the total force values for each team below: 1. Force Value for Red Team: 350 N 2. Force Value for Blue Team: 150 N Now click “GO.” Record what happens below and answer the questions about the sum of forces. 3. What happened in the tug of war game? The blue team won . 4. What was the sum of the forces in your tug of war game? 200 N a. What direction was this force in? left Now drag another blue team and a red team onto the rope. Set up your team in such a way that the forces on each side are equal. Record the total force values for each team below: 1. Force Value for Red Team: 100 N 2. Force Value for Blue Team 100 N Now click “GO.” Record what happens below and answer the questions about the sum of forces.

3. What happened in the tug of war game? It was a tie game, Nobody took the win 4. What was the sum of the forces in your tug of war game and what direction was this force in? 0 with no direction 5. Which tug of war game demonstrated balanced forces? the second game 6. Which tug of war game demonstrated unbalanced forces? the firs t game Part 2: Net Force Open the first section of the PhET Force and Motions Interactive: Motion. You will use this interactive to investigate forces and motion. Before you set up your games, click the boxes to show the “Forces”, “Values”, “Masses”, and “Speed” at the top of the page. Begin by dragging objects onto your skateboard in the middle of the page. You may drag the boxes, refrigerator, or any of the other items or people. 1. What is the total mass of all the items stacked on your skateboard? 250 kg Now have your person push against the skateboard with each of the applied forces listed below and record the Speed at which the skateboard moves (Hint: After you record the speed you can pause the skateboard and set a new applied force). Trial Applied Force Speed of Skateboard 1 50 N the speed increase very slowly 2 100 N The speed increases faster than 50 N of force, but still very slow. 3 400 N With more force applied, the speed increases much more rapidly.

2. What happened to the speed of the skateboard as you increased the applied force? the speed increased quicker 3. How does this demonstrate Newton’s First Law of Motion? This is demonstrating Newton 's First Law because it states that any object will remain at rest until a force is acted upon it and in this case the box does not move until a the person started pushing it 4. How does this demonstrate Newton’s Second Law of Motion? This also demonstrated Newton 's second law of motion because it states that the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force and in this project , it is showing just how true this is because until you apply force to the box , it stays steady and does not move at all . Part 3: Friction Open the first section of the PhET Force and Motions Interactive: Friction. You will use this interactive to investigate forces and friction. Before you set up your games, click the boxes to show the “Forces”, “Values”, “Masses”, and “Speed” at the top of the page. Begin by dragging objects onto your box in the middle of the page. You may drag the boxes, refrigerator, or any of the other items or people. 1. What is the total mass of all the items including your box? 520 kg Now begin dragging your mouse across the box to have your person begin applying force to try and move the box. Pay close attention to the force numbers on the interactive. Apply just enough force the box begins moving then stop applying force and observe what happens. 2. What happens to the frictional force at the beginning as you increase the applied force? It starts to slowly move in the direction that you are pushing it in. 3. What was true of the applied force and the frictional force at the point where your box began to move? The applied force and frictional force were pushing against each other.

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4. What happened to the box after you stopped applying force? The box started to slow down / stop moving. 5. a. Why did this happen? When you are not applying force to the box , the frictional force causes it to stop moving because there is no other force acting against it .