Bim110A_StudyGuide1

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Jan 9, 2024

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BIM 110: BME Senior Design 2016 Study Guide: Week 1 1. See Resources / Reading List / Reading List #1 (Medical Device Innovation): View the short video on the IDEO design process  What are some of the key strategies utilized by IDEO to encourage innovative solutions to problems? - Encourage wild ideas, defer judgement, build on the ideas of others, restraining from criticizing an idea, fail often in order to succeed sooner Read the Top 10 Medical Device Innovations 2016  Describe 3 of these top 10 innovations. - Gene Editing Using CRISPR: Not long ago, the ability to alter DNA of any organisms, including human embryos, was an idea thought up by science fiction authors and movie directors.  A new technique, called CRISPR, however is proving not only that it’s possible, but that it can be done very easily and at very little cost when compared to prior gene editing attempts. And as a result- it is being adopted in labs everywhere.  - #4 Water Purification Systems for Prevention of Infectious Diseases: In the developing world, it is not uncommon to see sewage pile up in the streets with nowhere to go but into the local drinking water. This is an issue that contributes to more than 10% of the disease burden on the entire world. It is estimated that more than 700 million people in the world are drinking unsafe water every day, and according to the World Health Organization, more than a million children under the age of five in developing nations die each year as a result of contaminated water and poor sanitation.  - #7 Naturally Controlled Artificial Limbs: There have been numerous innovations in prosthetics over the years that have been able to mimic the natural movement, and provide a large boost to the quality of life of amputees and paralyzed individuals. But with over 6 million people paralyzed and 100,000 Americans living with an upper arm amputation, there is a large patient population that is paying close attention to an innovation that will yet again revolutionize the use of prosthetics.  2. See Resources / Clinical Needs Finding Videos: View any 3 videos of your choosing from any year Identify 5 needs from each video. - 3. Develop a needs statement for your project: Per lecture notes, it should clearly identify the problem, affected population, and desired outcome, and be independent of possible solutions. Due to the difficulty of attaching sensors to a burn patient’s skin, burn surgeons and nurses require a novel device that can measure pulse oximetry accurately in burn patients without disturbing the areas of burn injury.
Questions from lecture: Describe some advances in engineering/ biotechnology that have had a large impact on human health and lifespan over the past 100 years.  - Vaccines, antibiotics, hygiene - Then = infectious diseases, now = diseases of aging What are some current challenges facing the medical device industry? - Difficult regulatory environment, difficult in economic environment (decrease in venture funding), affordable healthcare reform ad (medical device tax), product challenges (chasing better, faster, cheaper, higher performing, more features, tighter tolerances, push for individualized medicine), commercial challenges (quick to market, FDA scrutiny, globalization) Define engineering design. - Process of devising a system, component, or process to meet desired needs Define innovation. - Inventiveness put to use – practical, applied, meets a need while creating economic potential What are 4 phases in the life cycle of a product? - Introduction, growth, saturation, decline Describe the relationship between the perceived worth of an idea and uncertainty. - Describe the economic life cycle for product design and development
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