Preliminary Project Proposal

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California State University, Northridge *

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411

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Mechanical Engineering

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Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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2

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Preliminary Project Proposal Project Title : Machine Design Course Project Date: October 04, 2022 Project Type: Skateboard Bearing Efficiency Problem Statement: Group three will focus on the efficiency and tolerance associated with commonly produced bearings used in skateboards. Our group proposes better alternative techniques to manufacture a better rolling bearing then what is utilized now. The goal is to explore the pros and cons associated with the changes that can be made to improve the current design. Rather than analyzing the entire skateboard and truck assembly, we will focus our attention solely on the forces associated with the rotational movement of the skateboard bearings, creating contents in exterior forces that will allow the group to test multiple avenues of improvement. The overall goal of our research is to see if there are any readily easy ways to improve on the simple design of a bearing, while weighing all the associated reactions of this design change, such as cost of manufacturing, or tolerance of materials used. Background Information: All bearings that are manufactured currently follow a strict guideline that measures their quality control, as well as performance when applied to exterior systems, like a skateboard. These guidelines are defined as the ABEC standard ratings, and we will use these ratings to be the basis for our factor of safety when testing our theories for improvement. We will be focusing on the standard Max RPM 608-ZZ ABEC1 (1.0) bearing from the ABEC scale, as this size is the most commonly used, and least efficiently rated bearing in skateboards manufactured today. Project Description: To analyze our test theories, we will look upon lecture material learned in class, as well as outside sources and articles to drive the mathematical analysis of our design improvement. We're focusing primarily on the friction force associated on the bearing when a constant load is applied, and how this frictional force affects the speed to which the bearing can rotate on the assembly of a skateboard truck. Most of the analysis for this project will be done by hand, or through the assistance of programs such as MatLab, and the design portion will be represented by models created using SolidWorks. SolidWorks simulation will also bring important information and values as we study how the bearing reacts in different materials and designs.
Needs Assessment: Once we have gained some insight to the possible improvements that can be made, we will model and analyze two different bearing designs, and compare them side-by-side to the standards and tolerances associated with the standard control bearing. One potential solution we’re going to study is the change from traditional steel ball bearings to steel cylindrical roller bearings. The idea behind changing the bearing type is that, although we might encounter an increased cost of production, there will be a notable difference in engineering properties such as a higher max load and a lower coefficient of friction. We will be able to loosen tolerance requirements since this bearing type doesn’t require such tight tolerances in order to over perform, thus decreasing production cost according to our needs. In addition to the steel cylindrical roller bearings, we propose that changing the design from steel ball to ceramic ball bearings might give us the improvement in efficiency that we are looking for. Our group will explore the mathematical benefits and flaws to these two design improvements, and compare the results with that of our control bearing represented by the Max RPM 608-ZZ ABEC1 (1.0) as mentioned before. Outside sources used for this projects research and method of standardization: - https://koyo.jtekt.co.jp/en/support/bearing-knowledge/8-4000.html - https://www.ahrinternational.com/Skateboard_bearings.htm - https://www.liveabout.com/abec-bearings-ratings-3002421 - https://insights.globalspec.com/article/10809/bearing-tolerances-explained - https://downhill254.com/skateboard-longboard-bearings-guide/
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