Module Five Journal

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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340

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Philosophy

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Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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3

Uploaded by EarlMorning8445

Module Five Journal CJ 340: Criminology Southern New Hampshire University Professor Kevin Weston November 26, 2023
“ Culture is a term that refers to a large and diverse set of mostly intangible aspects of social life. According to sociologists, culture consists of the values, beliefs, systems of language, communication, and practices that people share in common and that can be used to define them as a collective” (Cole, 2019). Cultural values are important in regard to delinquency and crime as the values can impact the actions and motivation of different cultural groups. “Some cultural values, such as achievement, individualism, monetary fetishism, and universalism, can create economic inequality and social strain, which can lead to higher rates of crime. (Padowitz, 2017). Laws are a reflection of cultural views and values, and are structured to maintain order and control behavior in a community. According to Temple University Beasley School of Law (n.d.), the relationship between law and culture is not always harmonious. There are times when laws may conflict with cultural values, leading to social unrest and political upheaval. In every cultural group you can identify subcultures. Subcultures are a group of people within a larger cultural group that exhibit characteristic patterns, behaviors, values, and social norms that differentiate from the larger cultural group. According to Nagle (n.d.), subcultures emerge because there is conflict between people with opposing views or norms, the dominant culture does not meet the needs of members of the subculture, people feel different, excluded, or ignored, and subcultures manage status problems by establishing new norms that do not imitate to the dominant culture’s norms. A subculture can compare to two countries with different criminal laws as both the dominant culture and subculture have their own values and beliefs, just as two countries would have. Subculture theories explain criminal behavior as normal learned behavior. “Subcultural theories tend to focus on class and ethnic cultures, including lower social class, inner-city communities, and even rural southern subcultures” (Black, 2014).
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