Lab #2-Nour Houda Righi

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University of Colorado, Denver *

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Oct 30, 2023

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University of Colorado Denver Physics 1052 (General Astronomy) Lab 2 Investigating Orbital Motion and Eccentricity of Planets Nour Houda Righi Purpose : The purpose of this lab is to explore the orbital motion of planets in the Solar System by focusing on the eccentricity of planetary orbits. As in our readings, Kepler’s law establishes that planetary orbits are elliptical, with the Sun located at one of the foci. By drawing two ellipses and calculating their eccentricity, I will be able to visualize the relationship between ovalness, eccentricity, and the positions of the foci within these orbits. Procedure : Using graph paper, I placed it on top of a piece of cardboard. I used 2 push pins to measure the distance of 3 cm and stuck it on the paper. With a piece of 15cm string, I tied the ends together, placed the loop around the pins, and drew a circle around the first set of pins on the paper Then with the same pins and separated them to be 6 cm apart and repeated the process of drawing another circle around the pins with the string. Now I have 2 ellipses I marked the points of the pin as f1 and f2 on both ellipses and measured the distance between the foci and labeled it B. Finally, I measured the distance of f1 to the perihelion for both drawings and labeled it as A. I now have all my data to plug in and find the eccentricity for both ellipses. Data : Ellipse 1- B: 3cm A: 6 cm e= 3/3+(2)(6) = = 0.2 e1= 0.2 Ellipse 2- B: 6 A:4.5 e= 6/6+2(4.5) = = 0.4 e2= 0.4
University of Colorado Denver Physics 1052 (General Astronomy) Lab 2 Conclusion : In my findings, the results indicated that the first ellipse had an eccentricity of 0.2 and the second one had an eccentricity of 0.4. In my case, ellipse 1 with an eccentricity of 0.2 was closer to a circular shape, while ellipse 2 with an eccentricity of 0.4 was more elongated. As the eccentricity of an ellipse increases from 0 towards 1, the ellipse becomes more elongated. The eccentricity of Earth’s orbit is determined to be approximately 0.0167, which explains its significant round shape that is closer to ellipse 1. Possible sources of error could derive from measurement inaccuracies while drawing the ellipses. A way to minimize the error is by using precise measuring tools for drawing ellipses.
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