Lab 8_FaradaysLaws_updated

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North Carolina State University *

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2110

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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PHYS 2102 Lab Fall 2023 Summer Lab PHYS 2 LAb Lab 08: Magnetic Field and Faraday’s Law You will need to run a simulation to do the lab. Answer the following questions as you work through the lab. Write your answers in blue . (Note that we may miss your response if it does not stand out) Re-load the file in Word or PDF format in Canvas before the due date. Objective In this lab, you will (i) Investigate the properties of magnet and (ii) Use Faraday’s Law to predict the properties of induced emf in a coil. You will investigate the induced emf generated by a moving bar magnet and coil. You will: ● Move a bar magnet near one or two coils to make a light bulb light-up. ● View the magnetic-field lines. ● Use an Ammeter (current meter) to show the direction and magnitude of the induced current. ● View the magnetic field-lines. ● Observe how the compass needle deflection and the electron movement inside the coil change by changing the source of an electromagnet from DC to AC. Theory: In the previous lab, we did an experiment to show how the current flowing through a wire produces a magnetic field around it. In this lab, we will study how the changing magnetic fields produce electric fields, a phenomenon known as ‘ Magnetic Induction ’. Faraday’s Law:

PHYS 2102 Lab Fall 2023 Summer Lab PHYS 2 LAb According to Faraday's Law of Induction, a changing magnetic flux, Ф , through a coil induces an EMF ( electromotive force -- a voltage ) given by: ε =− N ΔΦ Δt ………. (1) where Φ = ⃗ B. ⃗ A is the magnetic flux due to a magnetic field ( ⃗ B ) passing through the cross-sectional area (A) of the loop of a wire, ⃗ A is a vector perpendicular to the area of the loop. N is the number of turns (loops) of the wire in the coil. For this experiment, the area of the coil remains constant and as the coil passes into or out of the magnetic field, hence Eq. 1 can be re-written as; ε =− NA ΔB Δt … ……. (2) Lenz's law states that the current induced in a circuit (loop) due to a change in a magnetic field is directed to oppose the change in flux and to exert a mechanical force which opposes the motion. Simulation: Open Faraday’s Electromagnetic Lab https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/cheerpj/faraday/latest/faraday.html? simulation=faraday Please take a few minutes to become familiar with different tabs and select options present in the simulation. 1. Bar Magnet 1. Click on the ‘Bar Magnet’ Tab you should see a bar magnet and a compass on the screen. You should note that the color red refers to North- and white refers to South-poles of the magnetic. Place the compass at the North end of the bar magnet and observe which way the “red tip” of the compass points. Move the compass to the South end, and observe where the “red tip” of the compass points. Based on your observation, describe how the compass works: [2 Points]

PHYS 2102 Lab Fall 2023 Summer Lab PHYS 2 LAb 2. Use your response above to explain why the geographic North-pole is the magnetic South-pole. [2 Points]

PHYS 2102 Lab Fall 2023 Summer Lab PHYS 2 LAb 3 . Check the “ show field ” box if it is not already checked. This shows how the compass needle would orient itself at each point around the bar magnet. Joining these in the direction of the red arrow gives essentially the field line diagram of the bar magnet. Sketch a diagram of these using PowerPoint/Paint (some drawing tool) and paste your sketch below. Use arrows to represent the direction in which the red tip (N-pole) points. Make sure you label the poles of the magnets properly. [You need this diagram for (5). Do not delete it yet!] [5 Points] 4. Place the compass next to the North-Pole of the bar magnet and press the Flip Polarity button. What happens to the magnet and the compass? [2 Point] 5. Click ‘See Inside Magnet’. What do you see? [3 Points] 6. Click ‘Show Field Meter’ and move the meter around outside the magnet and answer the following questions: [6 Points] Where is/are magnitude of B maximum? What is/are the value/s there? ______________ Where is/are magnitude of Bx maximum? What is/are the value/s there? ______________ Where is/are magnitude of By maximum? What is/are the value/s there? ____________

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