Lab4-Capacitors

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Tarrant County College, Fort Worth *

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2425

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Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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7

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Capacitors NAME: ____Sehajpartap Gill_______________ Date: ____7/19/2021______ Lab Partner’s: _______(No Contact, Worked Solo)______________ Access the University of Colorado’s PhET simulation: Capacitor Lab OBJECTIVES : To understand how capacitance varies with the separation between the plates To understand how capacitance varies with the area of the plates To understand how the dielectric affects the stored charge, energy, and voltage between the plates of the capacitor, when it is connected or disconnected from the battery BACKGROUND: When a capacitor is connected to an EMF ( E ), the plates attain charge from the terminals of the battery. The amount of charge is governed by the geometry of the capacitor. For a parallel plate capacitor, the capacitance is given by 0 A C K d where A is the effective plate area (the area effectively overlapping, d is separation of the plates, o is electric permittivity of free space, and K is the dielectric constant for the insulating material in the inner plate region. In this lab, you will investigate this relation. First you will keep the separation constant and vary the area. In this case, a plot of C vs A should be a straight line with the slope given by 0 1 K m d Then, you will keep the area constant and vary the separation. Here, a plot of C vs 1 d should be a straight line with the slope given by 2 0 m K A INSTRUCTIONS: Use Excel to plot the graphs and insert or attach all graphs, plots, and tables to this lab assignment. Convert values to SI units and show all your calculations. PROCEDURE: Open the simulator and select the middle tab: Dielectric .
PART I: Capacitance 1) Select “paper” from the choice of dielectrics in the menu on the right-hand side. Use the horizontal double-tip arrow to insert the dielectric completely inside the capacitor. Check “Capacitance” to see the capacitance meter. The battery could be either connected or disconnected for this part. NOTE : The exponent of the value shown below the capacitance meter should be negative. Common capacitor values are of the order of pF or m F. Use negative exponents to obtain the correct values. 2) Record the values of the plates’ area A 0 (initially, it should be the smallest possible), distance between the plates d 0 (initially, it should be the largest possible), and corresponding capacitance. 3) Use the diagonal double-tip arrow to slowly increase the plates’ area and measure the corresponding capacitance 4 more times. Record your results in the table, include units. It is recommended to use SI units for all measurements and calculations. 4) Use Excel to plot capacitance as dependent variable against the area. Then, use linear regression to draw the best-fit line (also called trendline) to approximate the data with the linear model. Insert a screenshot of your graph below. It should contain: 2 A C 0 100.0 mm^2 .89 x 10^-13 F 1 152.9 mm^2 2.39 x 10 ^-13 F 2 250.5 mm^2 5.48 x 10^-13 F 3 311.4 mm^2 7.54 x 10^-13 F 4 400 mm^2 10.62 x 10^-13F
100 152.9 250.5 311.4 400 0.00E+00 2.00E-13 4.00E-13 6.00E-13 8.00E-13 1.00E-12 1.20E-12 f(x) = 0 x − 0 Capacitance Vs. Area Plot Area (mm^2) Capacitance (F) 3
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