Ohm's Law (1)

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CUNY Lehman College *

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167

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Physics

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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5

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Experiment #2 Lehman College: Physics 167 Lab Ohm's Law Due Date: 10/16/2023
ABSTRACT In this experiment, the Ohm’s law is the movement of charge in a conductor, voltage, and resistance when they are in an electrical circuit, which refers to the relationship between currents. This experiment’s purpose is to measure currents and the voltage in a circuit, to calculate the resistance by using the different methods when the current and voltage measurements are given, and lastly being able to test the Ohm’s Law. APPARATUS The apparatus that was used in this experiment were: Resistor Some wires DC power supply Fuse Multimeters A current is supposed to flow if there is a potential difference, V, between two points that are connected by a circuit. Additionally, if the temperature does not change, voltage (V) is proportional to current (I). This shown in the Ohm’s law formula : Ohm’s Law Formula: V= IR DATA Directly Measured Resistance = 0.243 * 1000 = 243 Ohm
Voltage (V) Current (A) 0.78 3.5 1.48 6.6 2.05 9.2 2.25 10.1 2.76 12.4 3.32 14.9 3.56 16 3.8 17 4.55 20.4 4.83 21.6 CALCULATIONS AND ANALYSIS 1. Calculate V/I for each pair of voltage current reading. Compute the average of your V/I value. This is one estimate for the resistance R. Voltage (V) Current (A) V/I 0.78 3.5 0.223 * 1000 = 223 Ohm 1.48 6.6 0.224 * 1000 = 224 Ohm 2.05 9.2 0.223 * 1000 = 223 Ohm 2.25 10.1 0.223 * 1000 = 223 Ohm 2.76 12.4 0.223 * 1000 = 223 Ohm 3.32 14.9 0.223 * 1000 = 223 Ohm 3.56 16 0.223 * 1000 = 223 Ohm 3.8 17 0.224 * 1000 = 224 Ohm 4.55 20.4 0.223 * 1000 = 223 Ohm 4.83 21.6 0.224 * 1000 = 224 Ohm Average of V/I Values: 0.223 = 223 Ohm 2. Draw a graph showing the relation between voltage (y-axis) and current (x-axis). Draw the best fit straight line through the points on your graph. Calculate the slope of this line as another estimate for R.
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Slope: 22.905 3. Calculate the % error for the two resistance values you obtained, using the direct measurement you made in step 8 of the procedure as the accepted value. Explain whether your results support Ohm’s law. Percent Error 𝑅 1 (Ω)= 𝐴??𝑟𝑎𝑔? 𝑉𝑎𝑙??−𝐴??𝑝???? 𝑉𝑎𝑙?? 𝐴???𝑝??? 𝑉𝑎𝑙?? = 223−243 243 × 100 = 8.2% The results indicate that Ohm’s law was supported throughout the data. CONCLUSION In this experiment, overall, we have tested and learned about the Ohm’s law which is a relationship between the resistance, voltage and current when they are placed in an electrical circuit. By using this law, we were able to see the resistance based on looking at the current and voltage. The experiment was simple to perform, and the directions were correctly followed. The fact that we received a percent error, even though it is a small one, makes me believe that there may have been a problem when we conducted it. The Ohm's law was still supported even though our percent error was
8.2%, which was a big error. I would need to take extra care in conducting experiments in the future to ensure that there are no percentage errors but also try to do experiment again because I am sure there was some error in our data.