Projectile Motion Lab Worksheet labbttt

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Valencia College *

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2054

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Physics

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Projectile Motion Lab – Angled Launch Link for online lab: https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/projectile-motion OBJECTIVES:  Draw motion diagrams for a projectile launched at an angle  Investigate how range, maximum height and flight time of a projectile changes with the launch angle  Determine gravitational field strength at a location by using a projectile and performing curve fitting on linearized data PROCEDURE: Click on the Vectors window. Deselect Air Resistance . Air resistance will remain zero for this experiment. Mass and diameter of the cannonball will also remain fixed at default values. Part 1 – Motion Diagrams 1. Select the Velocity Vectors in the vectors box and choose “Components” from the radio buttons. Keeping rest of the settings on default, fire the projectile and observe how the vectors change as the projectile falls to the ground. a) Draw a motion diagram showing velocity components at different locations. b) What happens to the velocity y-component at the peak of the projectile? Explain why? -When projectile reaches it peak it automatically goes downward. The vertical component becomes zero and it stops moving vertically and it just goes down. c) Compare initial velocity y-component (at the moment of launch from the cannon) to final velocity y-component (at the moment when the projectile hits the ground)? Discuss any similarity and/or difference. -Both will end up the same as when the ball hits the ground. The velocity of the vertical component has the same magnitude even though the direction at the beginning and end is the opposite. 2. Now keeping the Velocity Vectors selected, choose “Total” from the radio buttons. Fire the projectile and observe how the velocity vector changes as the projectile falls to the ground.

2 3. a) Draw a motion diagram showing the velocity vector at different locations. b) How do the magnitude and direction of the velocity vector change as the projectile moves? -The direction is downward. By nature, it just gets pulled down by gravity c) What can you say about the velocity vector at the peak of the projectile? -The velocity vector took a turn towards a different direction d) How is the velocity vector related to the path of the projectile (i.e. how is this vector drawn in relation to the path)? -It is tangential e) Compare initial velocity vector (at the moment of launch from the cannon) to final velocity vector (at the moment when the projectile hits the ground)? Discuss any similarity and/or difference. -The initial and final velocity will remain the same because the height remains the same. 4. Now choose the Acceleration Vectors and Force Vectors in the vectors box and keep “Total” selected from the radio buttons. Fire the projectile and observe how the acceleration and force vectors change as the projectile falls to the ground. a) Draw a motion diagram showing the acceleration vector at different locations. b) Are the acceleration and force vectors related? Does the simulation show this relation?

- Yes they are related because they are both going downward. Part 2 – Effects of launch angle on the motion of projectile 5. Reset the simulation and deselect Air Resistance . Air resistance will remain zero for this experiment. Set initial speed to 15 m/s. For constant values of initial speed (15 m/s), fire the projectile for 8 different angles (25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85, 90 degrees). Using the Time, Height and Range tool, collect data in the following data table. Time, Height and Range tool is accessible in the top right corner of the simulation and looks like this: Measure the following quantities:  R - Range (at the location where projectile hits the ground)  T f - Flight Time (at the location where projectile hits the ground)  H - Maximum Height (at the peak of the projectile)  T h - Time at Max Height (at the peak of the projectile) Launch Speed v x (m/s) Launch Angle θ (degree s) Range R (m) Flight Time T f (s) Max. Height H (m) Time to Max. Height T h (s) sin θ sin 2 θ sin 2 θ 15 25 17.57 1.29 2.05 0.65 0.42 0.18 0.79 15 35 21.55 1.75 3.77 0.88 0.57 0.32 0.95 15 45 22.94 2.16 5.73 1.07 0.707 0.5 1.0 15 55 21.55 2.50 7.70 1.25 0.82 0.67 0.93 15 65 17.57 2.77 9.42 1.40 0.91 0.82 0.77 15 75 11.47 2.95 10.70 1.48 0.97 0.93 0.5 15 85 3.98 3.05 11.38 1.52 0.996 0.992 0.18 15 90 0 3.06 1.37 1.53 1.0 1.0 0.0

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