lab6

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Texas Tech University *

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1408

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Physics

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Apr 3, 2024

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Uploaded by DeanDuckPerson1081

- - W W W e W T W e w e we e e e Lab 6: Force, Mass and Acceleration Objectives: e To study Newton's Second Law, F = ma, with a constant net force e To study Newton’s Second Law with constant mass Equipments: e computer-based laboratory system e motion detector e Real-Time physics mechanics experiment configuration files e cart e force probe e ramp e masses e white card e balance. Exploration 1 Force diagrams, net force and acceleration Consider a cart on a frictionless surface with a light string attached, hanging over a pulley, as in the picture below. Consider the situation after the hanging mass has been released from rest. M \w%@dr ; - h Exploration 1.1.a Draw two force diagrams — one for the cart and one for the hanging mass in the space below.

= Exploration 1.1.b Does the force of the string, Fs, on the hanging mass equal the gravitational e force on the hanging mass (after release from rest)? Explain. ~ Exploration 1.1.c If the hanging mass, my, after release from rest is moving, explain the motion = in terms of the net force on mu. If your explanation contradicts your answer to part 1.1.b, explain . or reconsider your answer to 1.1.b. Exploration 1.1.d If, after the hanging mass, my, is released from rest, the cart is moving, explain in terms of the net force on the cart. Is the net force on the cart greater than, less than or equal to mpg? Explain. Exploration 1.1.e. After the hanging mass, mn, is released from rest, would the cart and the hanging mass move at the same acceleration? Explain. \ \n:\f.\ifil»:-@;\;‘; —-¢4>4‘¢a-smm;m%éwfi%k‘(m mj G ‘i g\ 2 - o ,‘? v f;' : :‘ § Exploration 1.1.e. Derive an equation for the acceleration of the system of cart plus hanging A 2 mass, a, in terms of the mass of the cart, m., and my, and g. i ;

Exploration 2 Graphs of acceleration for constant force Exploration 2.1 Suppose the cart mass can be changed by adding masses to the cart. Sketch a graph of the acceleration plotted vs. cart mass + hanger mass in the space below based on your equation in part 1.1.e. Exploration 2.2 If you were to take data, measuring the acceleration of the cart for different masses added to the cart, what could you plot that would give you a straight line? What would be on the x- axis? What would be on the y- axis? What would the slope be? What physical quantity does the slope represent? Show your work and explain. S R J I & &b SR »"‘L""Jn" i ST ERAY 7Y .n(’ ? S ) ,“"ifi’:-:"éﬂ&'v ¥ f”'év-”"-&f‘niis*-&s’i L4

Exploration 3 Accelerating the cart with a different net force and constant total mass Exploration 3.1 Since the surface is very low friction, it is possible to consider the cart and mass hanger as one system. What is the net force on the system? Explain. e A tn i Exploration 3.2 How could you change the net force on the system and keep the total mass of the system constant? Explain. "!i' b L 4 L ] AN Jid I X j i\ Y ! i ‘.""1 WY Exploration 3.3 If you were to take data, constantly changing the net force on the system, but keeping the total mass the same, what quantity could you plot vs. met force to give a straight line? Explain. Sketch the graph below. f What physical quantity does the slope of the line represent? Explain in words and equations.

AR A A A dddddddddddddddaddaddadada Investigation 1 Acceleration with constant force Investigation 1.1 Procedure 1) Set am : ! 5 o)llo }IP t?e ramp, pulley, cart, string, motion detector, and force probe as shown in th wing figure below. Mount the white card on th > ; e cart : recognize it. » 80 that the motion detector can \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\gl 05m —\ 2) Use the balance to measure the mass of the cart and the force probe together (m.). 3) Use 20g of mass as the hanging mass (my). 4) Connect the motion detector and the force probe to the LabPro interface. A data table and graphs for position versus time, velocity versus time, and force versus time will open automatically. 5) Calibrate the force probe with 2 N pull using one point calibration. (Click on Menu Bar — Experiment — Calibrate) 6) Zero both the force probe and the motion detector. (Click on Menu Bar — Experiment — Zero) 7) Using only the cart and the force probe, release the cart and start recording data. Store the data (Click on Menu Bar — Experiment — Store Latest Run). 8) Add 200g to the cart and repeat step (7). Keep adding masses until you reach 800g, and store the data each time (Click on Menu Bar — Experiment — Store Latest Run). 81

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