Copy of PHY 119 Lab 1

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Stony Brook University *

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119

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Physics

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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4

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Experiment #1: The Simple Pendulum Student Name PHY 119 L__ Due Date: TA Name:
1. Abstract In class we observed that the period of the pendulum appeared not to be impacted by the angle of deflection or by the mass of the bob, but rather by the length of the pendulum. We set out to test this the following week by recording the period of a pendulum at 10 different lengths from 0-100 cm. We used a meter stick to measure the length and a cell phone stopwatch to measure time. We recorded the time elapsed over 10 periods to minimize the impact of human error on our calculations. Graphing our results revealed a near linear relationship between L and T 2 which agreed with the known formula for the period of a pendulum, T = 2 π L g . 2. Introduction The purpose of this experiment was to determine the relationship between the length of a simple pendulum and the period. We recorded the period of a simple pendulum at 10 different lengths from 0-100 cm. We recorded the length (L) with a meter stick and the time elapsed in 10 periods (10T) with a cell phone stopwatch. We used excel to calculate T, L 2 , and T 2 and to create the graphs to visualize our results. 3. Methods and Materials Equipment : Ring Stand Steel Ball String Meter Stick Stopwatch 4. Experimental Procedures Make 10 pairs of measurements of L and T in which L is varied over the range from about 10 cm to about 100 cm in intervals of 10 cm. For each chosen value of L, you should measure the corresponding value of T. The length L is thus the independent variable, and T is the dependent variable. 1. Measure L from the fixed point of support to the center of the mass. For each measurement of L, estimate your uncertainty by repeating the measurement several times. Both lab partners should make independent measurements. Your best value for L is your average value (using data from both partners). Estimate the uncertainty in the average L from the scatter of the measurements. 2. Use a cell phone stopwatch to measure T, or use an internet stopwatch. Make sure the program measures time intervals to the nearest .01 (hundredth) seconds. 3. Test to see whether varying the initial swing angle θ has an effect on T. First, perform a measurement of T when θ is about 10° and then repeat with a value of θ of about 20°. Can you observe a difference? Repeat with θ = 60˚ 4. Make graphs of your data relating  T  to  L . Try potting  T  vs.  L T  vs.  L 2  and  T 2  vs.  L.  Label the graphs. Determine the errors in  T and  L 2 , following the write up on error analysis. Put error bars on all three graphs (You might neglect error bars which are smaller than your Experiment #1 Page 2 of 4 Student Name
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