Lab M-1 Report

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Community College of Philadelphia *

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140

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Physics

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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10

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Report
Community College of Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Experiment Number: M-1 Title: Measurement of Length and Mass Written by: Physics 140, Section 003 Lab Instructor: Professor Indu Das Date: January 20, 2022
Experiment M-1 2 Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to familiarize with several basic but important laboratory measuring devices, to study some of the methods by which laboratory measurements are made, and finally, to study methods for determining the density and specific gravity of a body. Procedure * Part I Vernier Calipers 1. Close the vernier caliper jaws and record the reading. This provides a "zero correction" to be added to or subtracted from subsequent readings. 2. Determine the least count of the vernier scale. The least count is the smallest division which can be read directly on the measuring instrument. 3. Measure the lengths and diameters of the metal cylinders. Record the reading, apply the zero correction, and determine the average. * Part II Micrometer Calipers Caution: Tighten the micrometer only by means of the small ratchet head. Otherwise, the delicate threads may be damaged by excessive torque. 1. Determine the zero reading of the micrometer caliper. Determine the least count of the scale on the thimble. 2. Measure the diameters of the metal cylinders provided. Record the reading, apply the zero correction, and determine the average. * Part III Density as Calculated from Mass and Volume 1. Check the platform, triple-beam balance to see that it is balanced with the platform empty and all the sliding weight/indicators set to zero. The pointer at the end of the beams should point to zero or should oscillate by equal amounts above and below zero. 2. Weigh each metal cylinder. With the cylinder sitting on the platform, adjust the sliding weight/indicators until the beam is balanced. At balance the pointer at the end of the beam
Experiment M-1 3 should point to zero o should oscillate by equal amounts above and below zero. Record the masses of the metal cylinders. 3. Calculate the volume of the cylinders using equation V= π d 2 L 4 , the average lengths from part I, and the average diameters from part II. 4. Calculate the density of each cylinder using equation ρ = m V . 5. Compare these densities with the accepted values and calculate the percent error, using equation % Error Measured Value - Accepted Value Accepted Value 100 . * Part IV Specific Gravity by Archimedes’ Method 1. Check the overhead balance to see that it is balanced at zero. 2. Suspend one of the metal cylinders by a fine wire from the hook above the pan. Weigh the cylinder in air and record the weight in air in gwt. 3. Place a beaker of water on the support provided on the overhead, triple-beam balance. Adjust the apparatus until the metal cylinder is suspended submerged in water without touching the beaker. Find and record the apparent weight of the cylinder in water. 4. Calculate the specific gravity of the sample from equation w a w a w w . Calculate the percent difference between this result and that implied by the results of part III step 4. 5. Repeat for the other metal cylinder.
Experiment M-1 4 Data Sheets Part I: Vernier Calipers Zero Reading: _0______________ cm Least count: _0.005___________ cm Sample Material Reading 1 2 3 Average N/A cm cm cm cm Al Diameter 1.905 N/A Diameter, Corrected 1.905 1.905 Length 4.345 N/A Length, Corrected 4.345 4.345 Fe Diameter 1.270 N/A Diameter, Corrected 1.270 1.270 Length 5.095 N/A Length, Corrected 5.095 5.095 Part II: Micrometer Calipers Zero Reading: _0________________ cm Least Count: _0.001_____________ cm Sample Material Reading 1 2 3 Average N/A cm cm cm cm Al Diameter 1.904 N/A Diameter, Corrected 1.904 1.904 Fe Diameter 1.269 N/A Diameter, Corrected 1.269 1.269 Part III: Density as Calculated from Mass and Volume Sample Material Mass Volume Density, Calculated Density, Accepted Percent Error g cm 3 g/ cm 3 g/ cm 3 % Al 37 12.37 2.99 2.70 10.7
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