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Sanjana Gupta Professor Robert Stagg Ethics in Government, PAD 152 26 September 26, 2023 Segregation is one governmental practice that is no longer allowed on a federal level. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 forbade discrimination in public accommodations, employment, and education based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. With a century of legal and societal support, this statute put an end to segregation in the US. Segregation was pervasive in the US prior to the Civil Rights Act. Access to public facilities including restaurants, hotels, and lavatories was frequently denied to persons of color. Additionally, they were separated in workplaces and schools. Segregation was a sort of prejudice that had a terrible effect on Black people's lives. A more just and equal society for all Americans was made possible thanks to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which was a significant triumph for the civil rights movement. Involving Black Americans, White Americans, civil rights activists, local and federal governments, and other Americans of all races, racial segregation persisted in America from 1865 until 1964. In the United States, racial segregation served to preserve the privilege and power of white people. The idea that white people were superior to Black people and other racial minorities served as the foundation for segregation. Racism, which is the idea that one race is superior to another, is the basis of this notion. Black Americans and other racial minorities were denied equal opportunities due to segregation in housing, employment, and education. Additionally, it restricted their ability to use public transportation, lodging, and dining establishments. In the past, segregation prevented social connection between whites and Black people. In order to preserve the white racial identity and stop Black people from questioning the current quo, this was done. From the end of the Civil War in 1865 until the Civil Rights Act of Gupta 1

Sanjana Gupta Professor Robert Stagg Ethics in Government, PAD 152 26 September 26, 2023 1964, racial segregation was both a legal and social practice in the US. Due to their race, Black Americans were barred from public spaces, jobs, and education throughout this time. The Southern United States, where Jim Crow laws were used to impose segregation, saw the highest levels of it. Jim Crow laws required racial segregation in all areas of public life, including restrooms, restaurants, hotels, and public transportation. For Black Americans, segregation had a terrible toll on their quality of life. It restricted their employment and educational options and strengthened the notion that white people are better. The civil rights movement started to fight against segregation from the beginning of the 20th century. To demand equal rights for Black Americans, civil rights activists organized demonstrations, boycotts, and other forms of nonviolent resistance. In Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court declared segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional in 1954. The full implementation of this order, however, took years. Long into the 1960s, Black pupils in the South attended segregated schools. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 forbade discrimination in public accommodations, employment, and education based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. Segregation in the US was effectively ended by the Civil Rights Act. Although segregation is no longer permitted, it is crucial to keep in mind that it was a real and detrimental practice that had a long-lasting effect on Black Americans' lives. The Civil Rights Movement and the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 put an end to racial segregation in the US. Black Americans and their allies fought for legal equality for many years as part of the Civil Rights Movement. To demand equal rights, civil rights activists employed a range of strategies, such as marches, boycotts, and protests. A Gupta 2

Sanjana Gupta Professor Robert Stagg Ethics in Government, PAD 152 26 September 26, 2023 significant triumph for the Civil Rights Movement was the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In public spaces, the workplace, and the educational system, it was illegal to discriminate based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. Segregation in the US was effectively ended by the Civil Rights Act. The United States Congress enacted, and President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law. It was a significant piece of legislation that aided in building a society that is fairer and just for all Americans. The 1964 Civil Rights Act did not pass without criticism. The end of segregation faced resistance from many white Americans. However, the Civil Rights Movement was successful in attaining its objective of securing racial equality and the cessation of segregation. Beliefs in white supremacy, where some people held that white people were superior to Black people and other racial minorities, were one ethical justification for the implementation of segregation. Racism, which is the idea that one race is superior to another, is the basis of this notion. People were terrified of social change because they believed that allowing Black and White people to mix and interact would cause social and economic instability. Segregation was seen by many as being crucial for the preservation of white culture and identity. The following were the moral justifications for ending segregation. Basic human rights were denied: All people's basic human rights were violated through segregation. It denied racial minorities, including Black Americans, equal access to housing, employment, and education. Additionally, it restricted their ability to use public transportation, lodging, and dining establishments. Racial equality is encouraged: Segregation was a system of racial injustice and oppression. It was created to uphold white people's dominance and privilege over Black people Gupta 3

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