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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Article 1 Assignment – PSYC 4033 Dr. McDonald – Fall 2023 Article 1 Smith et al. (2020)—date due: Sept 19 th at beginning of class Your name: Casey Noyes Instructions: Please use this and only this sheet to answer the questions regarding your assigned article; in other words, be succinct . Incomplete sentences are acceptable as long as they get the message across. Use the space allotted and no more! USE YOUR OWN WORDS – NO PLAGIARISM, NO QUOTING, NO CHAT GPT!!! Most importantly, put answers in everyday language . Motivation for the study: To determine how blockers affect implicit memory through entrenchment. Hypotheses/Predictions for Exp’t 2 only: Increasing the number of red herrings presented will cause a significant decrease in word fragment completion performance (poorer fragment accuracy and slower response time). Independent Variable(s) EXP’T 2 only – only list ones used; there may or may not be extra lines In addition, clearly circle between or within subjects for each IV 1. Number of red herrings presented (blocking) ______________ Between Sub/ Within Sub 2. Order of words presented (counterbalancing) ______________ Between Sub /Within Sub Control Variable(s) EXP’T 2 only —list two 1. Presentation of the words (black letters on white background) ______________________ 2. Number of fragment tests performed (12 critical, 7 non-critical) ____________________ Dependent Variable(s) EXP’T 2 only —only list ones used; there may or may not be extra lines 1. Proportion of correctly solved word fragments __________________________________ 2. Solution time for fragment completion ________________________________________

Results – a) interpret Figure 2 on page 833. What does it show? Does it match the predictions? b) interpret Table 1 on page 834. What does it show? Does it match the predictions? a) Figure 2 is the proportion of correct fragments. It shows a significant difference in correct responses between the control group (no blocking) and groups with red herrings. It matches the predictions because the proportion decreases numerically as red herrings increases. b) Table 1 is the mean response time for each treatment. It shows that response time was numerically decreased when no red herrings were presented, although there is no statistical significance in any of the treatments. This lack of variety does not agree with the predictions. Relation to class material – use pages 192-194 in the Radvansky et al. textbook to find a study that uses a similar memory test to this one. a) Give the name of the authors of that study and a brief description of their findings. b) How is this study in your textbook similar to the one you just read, and c) how is it different from the one you just read? d) How do these two studies relate to a general topic from the class? Tulving, E., Schacter, D. L., & Stark, H. A. studied how priming affects word fragment completion; finding that implicit memory has long-term/stable effects on responses whereas explicit memory progressively declines. This study is similar to the one in the article because they both used fragment completion to study implicit memory. However, Tulving et. al also used recognition tests and a longer time period to assess the differences in explicit and implicit memory. Both studies confirm the effects of priming because they indicate that individuals are more likely to recognize/retrieve a word the second time it is presented, showing implicit memory from previous exposure.

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