Psych Final (1)

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Oct 30, 2023

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The Effect of DSF language on a jury By: Brooke, Aiza, Charlie, and Ryan
Final Paper (top link) and Article link (bottom) ● https://docs.google.com/document/d/1a BrAqJSfSPq3E_MXyilqFp-Lk9cevs0XzxemYp VVUqc/edit ● https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3 389/fpsyg.2019.00950/full
Hypothesis “We hypothesize that subjects would be more lenient with a defendant when her actions are described as “her brain made her do X” as opposed to “her emotions made her do X,” for example. Such a finding would demonstrate that DSF language— which is in line with implicit dualistic notions of the brain as separated from the conscious self—affects people’s judgment of guilt in moral scenarios. Therefore, people may assign less moral responsibility to agents in moral scenarios when DSF language is used.”
Introduction: Experiment 1 ● The study of voluntary action in neuroscience has sparked a debate about the relationship between the conscious self and the brain ● The brain is often described as separate from itself with the capacity to interact with the self and hold opposing psychological state to those of the self ● Double Subject Fallacy (DSF) language is the conceptual confusion that arises from the belief in a self brain dualism, despite scientists claims to hold materialistic views in modern science. It is a type of writing that implies that there are 2 subjects- the person and the person’s brain. ● An example of DSF writing is saying "the brain knows our decisions before we do.” This could be rephrased to "decision processes are carried out unconsciously before we have conscious access to them." ● The researchers chose to investigate if DSF language plays a role in affecting guilt judgement in the judicial realm
Introduction: Experiment 1 Continued ● Studies were conducted to investigate whether or not people assign less blame or guilt to defendants when their actions are described using DSF language. ● The experimenters hypothesized that If DSF language is used in moral scenarios, then people may assign less moral responsibility to the agents. ● Previous studies suggested that the experimenters hypothesis was correct- less severe consequences such as jail time or severity of charges ● The study assessed the perceived moral responsibility by asking subjects to determine the guilt of the defendant and recommend jail sentences. ● The study expected that DSF language would make subjects judge defendants as less morally responsible, or guilty for their actions compared to when non-DSF language was used.
Methods: Experiment 1 ● 238 of the 609 total subjects were female & 371 were male ● The participants’ ages ranged from 18-75, with an average of 32.25 yrs old ● Independent variable: whether or not the language used was DSF or non-DSF ● Dependent variable: the number at which participants rate their opinion with the scale ● Control variable: syntax and length of descriptions between both DSF and non-DSF conditions ● Participants rated their agreement with statements using a 7- point scale in the Qualtrics online questionnaire survey ● The conclusiveness of results was assessed with Bayes-factor analysis ● Null-hypothesis significance testing (NHST) and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used with culpability and
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