LAB #4 - Van Watermluen

LAB #4 - Visual Perception Emily VanWatermulen 9/27/23 Results: In this lab we conducted a series of trials to understand the learning of a new skill by testing our hand-eye coordination under different visual perceptions. By learning the task of throwing a ball at a target we come to understand the visuo-motor relationship between our available visual information and the motor response or behavior adhered to it. Tables: Table 1: Raw Data Trial Score (cm) Trial Score (cm) Trial Score (cm) Trial Score (cm) Trial Score (cm) 1 -10 **11 50 21 5 31 5 **41 -25 2 -10 12 30 22 30 32 5 42 -55 3 -12 13 25 23 20 33 20 43 -25 4 2 14 20 24 5 34 5 44 -20 5 -10 15 30 25 10 35 18 45 -5 6 -10 16 23 26 20 36 -2 46 2 7 5 17 -5 27 10 37 -2 47 -10 8 -8 18 20 28 20 38 -10 48 -35 9 3 19 30 29 -5 39 -2 49 -15 10 -4 20 38 30 28 40 10 50 -13 Note: Target is 0 cm The table above shows my individual data for the 50 trials conducted during this lab. Each trial included throwing a ball at a target. The first 10 and last 10 were done with our normal vision. Trials 11-40 were done by wearing prism goggles that alter our line of sight. Results of each trial are recorded above.

Table 2: Error Scores Trial Group Absolute Error (cm) Constant Error (cm) Variable Error (cm) 1-10 7.4 -5.4 6.42 11-20 27.1 26.1 14.18 21-30 15.3 14.3 11.13 31-40 8.2 4.4 9.65 41-50 20.5 -20.1 16.27 Note: Target was 0 cm The Table above shows the average, constant and variable error for trial groups,1-10, 11-20, 21-30, 31-40, and 41- 50. Note that group 1-10 and 41-50 are the normal vision groups, and 11-20, 21-30, and 31-40 were done wearing the prism goggles. Below are sample calculations for each type of error. Absolute Error: AE= , where is equal to the current trial, T is equal to the Σ 𝑥 𝑖 − 𝑇 | | ( ) ÷ 𝑛 𝑥 𝑖 target, n is equal to the total number of trials in a group. Example Absolute Error: (|-10-0|+|-10-0|+|-12-0|+|2-0|+|-10-0|+|-10-0|+|5-0|+|-8-0|+|3-0|+|-4-0|)/10= 7.4 Constant Error: CE= , where is equal to the current trial, T is equal to the Σ(𝑥 𝑖 − 𝑇) ( ) ÷ 𝑛 𝑥 𝑖 target, n is equal to the total number of trials in a group. Example Constant Error: ((-10-0)+(-10-0)+(-12-0)+(2-0)+(-10-0)+(-10-0)+(5-0)+(-8-0)+(3-0)+(-4-0))/10= -5.4 Variable Error: VE= , where is equal to the current trial, M is Σ 𝑥 𝑖 − 𝑀 ( ) 2 ( ) ÷ 𝑛 − 1 ( ) 𝑥 𝑖 equal to the mean of that group, and n is equal to the total number of trials in a group. Example Variable Error: sqrt[((-10--5.4)^2+(-10--5.4)^2+(-12--5.4)^2+(2--5.4)^2+(-10--5.4)^2+(-10--5.4)^2+(5--5.4)^2+( -8--5.4)^2+(3--5.4)^2+(-4--5.4)^2) / (10-1) = 6.42

error, as it decreases from trials 11-20 to 21-30, and then decreases again from 31-40. When I took my prism goggles off we then saw more deviation again because I had to relearn the visual motor relationship for normal vision. We can see this as my variable error increased from trials 31-40 to 41-50. 2) I believe that the prism adaptation occurred due to the recalibration of the automatic process by which we transform visual information into motor commands. If it were a conscious strategy, when I removed the prism goggles I would have been able to immediately go back to throwing right of the target or closer to the target, but due to the automatic processes when I took the prism goggles off I continued to throw to the left of the target which I was not doing during trials 1-10. 3) The Horizontal error plot would continue to be high positive numbers, or far to the right due to their inability to recalibrate their trials 11-40 would look similar to my trial group 11-20. It would look different because their deviation from 0 would not start to decrease like mine did. Their variable error would stay roughly the same throughout all trial groups between 11 and 40.