WK3AssgnGarciaH

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Walden University *

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6337

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Psychology

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Jan 9, 2024

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doc

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Uploaded by DukeSnowToad26

1 Brain Organization Heidi Garcia Master of Social Work, Walden University SOCW 6337: Trauma- Informed Practice, Neurobiology of Trauma Dr. Bullard-Batiste September 15, 2023

2 Identify Key Areas of the Brain and Their Functions The neurons or brain cells that sustain an electrical charge, according to Shapiro & Applegate, 2018. The cell body, which contains the material that controls its metabolism, including DNA, the hundreds of branching appendages called dendrites, which serve to receive signals from other neurons, and the single appendage known as an axon, which serves to transmit signals to other cells, are the three components that make up a neuron. Through certain methods, neurons or brain cells are also linked to neurons that are farther away yet still within proximity to them (Shapiro & Applegate, 2018). According to Shapiro and Applegate (2018), the cerebral cortex creates concepts and mental representations of concepts and perceptions of oneself, others, and the environment. The cerebral cortex is made up of the left and right hemispheres of the brain, which although nearly symmetrical, work differently. The occipital lobe, the temporal lobe, the parietal lobe, and the frontal lobe are the four lobes that make up the cerebral cortex. The occipital lobe is in charge of visual processing, or figuring out what it is that we are looking at. It also offers details on how, where, and what we see, as well as the ability to distinguish things that may be moving in the direction of our faces. Memories and feelings are produced and retained in the temporal lobe. The temporal lobe mediates auditory language, comprehension, and memory function (Shapiro & Applegate, 2018). To concentrate our attention on significant aspects of our environment, such as comprehending touch and motor movements, the parietal lobe combines information from our senses (Society for Neuroscience, 2017). Motor activity, language, logical thought, and direct attention are all controlled by the frontal lobe, often known as the executive region of the brain (Shapiro & Applegate, 2018).

3 Describe the Sequential Organization of the Brain & How it Affects Learning & Memory Bottom-up processing would involve a sequence of steps that started with the ingestion of new sensory information, continued with our sensory receptors sending signals to the brain, continued with the brain processing these signals, and ended with the construction of a perception based on the signals that were received (Jandt, 2020). The stimulus that is currently being experienced in one's external environment is the driving force of perception in bottom-up processing, whereas in top-down processing, learning is not necessary and perceptions are solely based on new stimuli from one's current external environment (Gibson, 1972). Adolescent brains pick up addiction more quickly than adult brains do. Drug usage at this point may have negative long-term effects (Shapiro & Applegate, 2018). According to Shapiro and Applegate (2018), the process of long-term potentiation defines the molecular alterations connected to memory stages and is important for comprehending the neurological basis of drug use and addiction. Social workers need to be familiar with the fundamental neurological and chemical processes involved in memory, information, consolidation, storage, and retrieval. Working memory, which maintains many bits of information concurrently and manipulates them as needed, allows for future planning, reasoning, and decision-making (Shapiro & Applegate, 2018). Information is permanently stored in long-term memory. Our ability to organize and pay attention to new stimuli and experiences is facilitated by our long-term memory. Distinct amounts of stress and trauma exposure affect memory and learning. Despite their inability to recall traumatic experiences, people often remember the physical and emotional symptoms that

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