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1. Abolition: A New Paradigm for Reform a. Citation: Bell, Marina. "Abolition: A New Paradigm for Reform." Law & Social Inquiry, vol. 46, 2020, pp. 1-37. doi: 10.1017/lsi.2020.21. b. Link to paper: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347180585_Abolition_A_New_Paradig m_for_Reform c. Thesis: The failure of the US prison system has sparked a change in criminal justice system discourse and policy toward reform. Numerous programs and efforts facilitate reintegration for the hundreds of thousands of people who leave prison each year, but these and other improvements remain problematic. They do nothing to enhance the social and material circumstances of people seeking reintegration. Failure to analyze the social, historical, political, and economic causes of penal system issues perpetuates the repressive social circumstances that they are designed to remedy. The purpose of this study is to diagnose numerous key flaws with traditional rehabilitation and reintegration reform initiatives. i. Supporting sources: Interviews with formerly incarcerated individuals 2. Algorithmic Realism: Expanding the Boundaries of Algorithmic Thought a. Citation: Green, Ben, and Salomé Viljoen. "Algorithmic Realism: Expanding the Boundaries of Algorithmic Thought." Journal of Social Computing, vol. 2, no. 3, September 2021, pp. 249-265. DOI: 10.23919/JSC.2021.0029. b. Link to paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1811.03435.pdf c. Thesis: Examine how data science shapes and influences political and social institutions. The authors contend that data science is not objective, but rather enmeshed in and influenced by social power relations. They argue for a more responsible and ethical approach to data science, one that actively promotes justice and addresses societal injustices. The article advocates for a reorientation of data science toward political action based on ideals of justice, equity, and fairness, rather than sustaining or aggravating current power dynamics. It highlights the necessity for data scientists to be mindful of the political implications of their work and actively contribute towards positive social change through their data science techniques. i. Supporting sources: Political data, statistics, and data analysis for political science. They include research guides from academic institutions and platforms offering access to datasets and scholarly research. 3. Prison Abolition: From Naïve Idealism to Technological Pragmatism." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology a. Citation: "Prison Abolition: From Naïve Idealism to Technological Pragmatism." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, vol. 111, no. 2, Spring 2021, pp. 351-406. b. Link to Paper: https://www.jstor.org/stable/48614943?searchText=&searchUri=%2Faction%2Fdo BasicSearch%3FQuery%3DPrison%2BAbolition&ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_sea

rch_gsv2%2Fcontrol&searchKey=&refreqid=fastly-default%3A707b2e0b8633c37 1d5a311486390d9ed&seq=4 c. Thesis: Prison abolition has gained public attention, but lacks a suitable alternative, leading to dismissal as naive idealism. To close this essential gap, the authors present a practical alternative that entails using current monitoring and filtering technologies to watch and perhaps interfere in the behavior of offenders in real-time. This technical technique promises to give a viable avenue to dramatically decrease the jail population—by more than 90%—while maintaining public safety. The thesis is that embracing this technology-based alternative may lead us closer to jail abolition while being pragmatic and concerned about public safety. i. Sources: A plethora of opinion pieces, unbiased articles, and statistical data as well as papers on technology 4. Slavery and the Modern-Day Prison Plantation a. Citation: Moser, Ryan. “Slavery and the Modern-Day Prison Plantation - Jstor Daily.” Slavery and the Modern-Day Prison Plantation , JSTOR, 8 Nov. 2023, daily.jstor.org/slavery-and-the-modern-day-prison-plantation/. b. Link to paper: https://daily.jstor.org/slavery-and-the-modern-day-prison-plantation/ c. Thesis: The history and practices of prison work in the United States are strikingly comparable to the system of slavery, notably on prison plantations. The author contends that, notwithstanding the nominal abolition of slavery, the constitutional provision that allows for forced labor as punishment for a crime sustains an antebellum slavery-like system. The essay examines the historical roots of prison work, the perpetuation of exploitative practices through convict leasing and modern-day prison farms, and the disproportionate impact on Black and poor jailed people. Finally, the author argues that the existing prison work system promotes inequities and should be changed to provide equal treatment and constitutional rights for all jailed people. 1. Sources: The author(s) utilize many newspaper articles and research papers found on JSTOR in order to form their argument. 5. Structural Racism, Mass Incarceration, and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Severe Maternal Morbidity a. Citation: Hailu, Eyasu M., et al. "Structural Racism, Mass Incarceration, and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Severe Maternal Morbidity." JAMA Network Open, vol. 7, no. 1, 2024, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53626. b. Link to Paper: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2814302 c. Thesis: The research looks at the link between county-level prison incarceration rates and severe maternal morbidity, with a particular emphasis on racial and ethnic differences. The paper's thesis is to look at how mass incarceration, particularly at the county level, is linked to poor maternal health outcomes, as well as to investigate the potential impact of structural racism and inequities within the criminal justice system on severe maternal morbidity, particularly Black-White disparities. The study aims to contribute to the knowledge of the

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