Physioex Review Sheet

b. Where do you think would be the best place to auscultate Caleb’s abnormal heart sound? Explain your answer. The abnormal heart

(Marieb and Hoehn, 2010, p 703) defined Blood Pressure (BP) as ‘the force per unit area exerted on a vessel wall by the contained blood, and is expressed in millimetres of mercury (mm Hg)’. BP is still one of the essential and widely used assessment tools in healthcare settings. Nurses generally record the arterial BP which is the forced exerted blood that flows through the arteries, to establish a baseline and to determine any risk factors. BP

2. If you were the doctors on the scene, what diagnosis would you give this patient? (You may use the internet to help diagnose the patient.)

At the latter end of the p-q interval, atrial contraction occurs forcing additional blood into the ventricles. At the beginning of the QRS interval on an ECG reading, the mitral valve closes and the ventricles are at EDV (135ml). During the QRS interval, ventricular contraction occurs increasing the pressure in the ventricle and the aorta. When the pressure continues in the ventricle exceeds the pressure in the arteries, the aortic valve opens and blood is ejected. The increased pressure continues through the t peak. The ventricles are now in ESV (65ml) and the aortic valve is closed. Now the ventricles are relaxed causing pressure to fall and the cardiac cycle starts over again. This ECG reading was from a normal tracing. Keep in mind that an ECV is easy to obtain, but there are some subtleties that are very complex.

3. At this point, you are ready to begin the lab exercise. Click on the “Information” button on the blood

32. The volume of blood ejected by each ventricle in one minute is called what? Cardiac output

View the right internal jugular vein when measuring jugular venous pressure. With aging, the aorta stiffens, dilates, & elongates, resulting in decreased pulsations on the left side. In addition, use caution when palpating & auscultating the carotid artery. Pressure in the carotid sinus may cause a reflex slowing of the heart rate.

4) Compare and contrast oscillations in heart rate observed at rest (Activity 1), during exercise and recovery exercise (Activity 2). Is the relative magnitude of the oscillations the same? Provide a physiological explanation in your answer.

The blood circulates around the body. The heart contract and relax, this mechanism of heart makes the blood to flow in the arteries to the body from heart and come back from body to heart through veins. The arteries carry oxygenated blood or oxygen rich blood and the veins carry deoxygenated blood or oxygen poor blood. This flow creates the pressure on the arterial wall and the pressure that is exerted on the arterial wall is known as blood pressure. Blood pressure is expressed by the

3) A nurse takes care of a patient with cardiac dysrhythmia. Which of the following laboratory values is a priority for the nurse to monitor?

You do not have to submit these diagrams. Remember, these areas may be seen again on other quizzes, so study and take note.

16. The following statements refer to your observation of one or more of the vessel types observed in the microcirculation in the

The cardiac cycle can be subdivided into two major phases, the systolic phase and the diastolic phase. Systole occurs when the ventricles of the heart contract. Accordingly, systole results in the highest pressures within the systemic and pulmonary circulatory systems. Diastole is the period between ventricular contractions when the right and left ventricles relax and fill.

In the first part of the practical, we will dissect the heart of a sheep and observe its anatomical structure. We will also examine the structure of blood vessels at a microscopic level. My hypothesis is that by examining the anatomy of the cardiovascular system, we will be able to detect differences in both vessels and the chambers of the heart. In the second part of the practical we will examine the electrical activity of the heart. In doing so my aim will be to produce a familiar ECG reading containing a P wave, QRS complex and T wave. Futhermore, we will take blood pressure readings by listening to the korotkoff sounds of the heart using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. We hypothesis that the higher the arm position is from the ground, the smaller the blood pressure reading will

9. When the heart is externally stimulated just after the start of the contraction cycle, why does this have no affect on heart rate?