Ap Biology Unit 9 Study Guide

Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids are known as macronutrients as the body needs masses of these nutrient components in order to carry out the bodies’ essential functions.

1. What is meant by “sugar”? What is a “carbohydrate”? How are “sugars” and “carbohydrates” related? Answer: Sugar- a sweet tasting carbohydrate found in living tissues and exemplified by glucose and sucrose. Carbohydrate-molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The body converts carbohydrates into sugar.

The digestive system absorbs the minerals and nutrients from the foods that have been eaten. The break down of food beings in the mouth, where the

The digestive system is a group of organs working together to convert food into energy and basic nutrients to feed the whole body. To achieve the goal of providing energy and nutrients to the body, six processes take place in the digestive system.

Surface Tension: The measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid.

B7 (Biotin): Depression, lack of intestinal absorption, inflamed bowel syndrome, skin irritation, hair loss, poor muscle control, seizures, development delayed

What is the function of ribosomes? What are their two components? Ribosomes are the cellular components that carry out protein synthesis. Their two components are a large subunit and a small subunit.

1) The layer of the GI tract wall that is responsible for motility is the

In eukaryotes, stored primarily in the cell nucleus. A nucleic acid using deoxyribose rather than ribose.

The digestive and excretory systems help the body with the wonderful task of food. The digestive system is composed of the stomach, mouth, liver, pancreas, and the large and small intestine. It digests food and provides the

The nucleus is enclosed in a nuclear membrane which has pores to allow RNA and proteins. The nucleus functions the activity in a plant cell and stores the plant’s DNA. (Plant Cell Anatomy, n.d.)

1) Leaves- Main organ for photosynthesis and transpiration. A flattened, typically green and blade-like structure of a higher plant.

Carbs are found in in grains, fruits and vegetables such as wheat, corn, rice and cassava.

Carbohydrate is a nutrient essential for energy production and the prevention of ketosis, a state where the production of ketones exceeds metabolism. Protein is a nutrient essential for its components, amino acids. Fat is a nutrient which provides insulation, protection and energy for the body.

Cells are some of the smallest organisms around. All living things consist of cells, and yet they are invisible to the naked eye. Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. Cells are made up of many different parts which allow them to function properly.