Bronchiolitis obliterans is a disease that causes destruction and scarring of the small airways of the lungs. As the scarring and hardening of the lungs gets worse, it becomes harder to breathe.
CAUSES
Causes may include:
• Irritant fume exposure, such as: exposure to chlorine, ammonia, nitrogen oxides, or sulfur dioxide.
• Respiratory infections.
• Connective tissue disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.
• Hormone producing lung diseases, such as neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia.
• Reaction to medicines.
• Bone marrow, lung, or heart-lung transplants.
The cause may also be unknown.
RISK FACTORS
Risk factors include:
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Symptoms may include:
• Asthma.
• A cough that brings
Acute bronchitis is one of the most common diagnoses encountered in a primary care setting. It affects millions of individuals resulting in significant impact on health of patients and health care industry. Studies have shown that 90% of times acute bronchitis is caused by a virus, yet health care providers are failing to treat or manage these patients with appropriate therapies (Knutson & Braun, 2002). The focus of this paper is to review the guidelines for treatment of acute bronchitis after differentiating acute bronchitis from other common respiratory disease in terms of epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, complications and patient education. Understanding the evaluation and treatment guidelines, nurse practitioners can provide evidence-based practice for patients with acute bronchitis.
Accordingly, to this information of COPD: Coping with COPD from PubMed Health, this article provides the early stages, progression, coping and emergency plan and this disease affects family and friends. It is written answering the question, what to expect from COPD and how to manage this lung disease? A team of health care professionals, scientists and editors, and experts (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 2015), provides education of how this disease may affect daily lives, how to live with this disease and what causes
Chronic bronchitis is caused by inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes. These tubes carry oxygen to and from the alveoli of the lungs.
For this paper, I decided to write about bronchiectasis. Bronchiectasis is a respiratory disease that takes on the appearance of cystic fibrosis. It is caused by the buildup of mucous causing the airways to stretch and widen and are irreversible. (American Lung Association, 2015) I chose to write about bronchiectasis because one of my dear friends has recently been diagnosed with this respiratory disease. Jasmine Coleman was born with a rare blood disorder and as a child she was always in and out of the hospital because she was more susceptible to infections, pneumonia was the main problem. Her condition was so severe that she wasn’t expected to have lived through high school, but she is still with us today. Over time her airways have built up with mucous and she began to cough up large amounts of blood. She had undergone various testing and treatments to try to figure out what was wrong. It was only recently when she was finally diagnosed with bronchiectasis. She has only 22 percent lung function and that is mainly in her left lung for her right lung is filled with blood. She is currently on six liters of oxygen when she is out and about and two liters for when she is resting. (Times Bulletin, 2015) She may be
Bronchiolitis is a lower respiratory infection caused commonly by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in the first two years of life. Nearly every child in the United States will be infected with RSV before its second birthday. The condition is a leading cause of hospital admissions among children under the age of two. The populations most frequently and severely affected by bronchiolitis include; infants less than 12 months of age, children born at a low gestational age (less than 32 weeks), and children with chronic lung disease, congenital heart disease, or immunodeficiency. Standardized and proper diagnosis and management are essential to effective treatment. The guideline established by the Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in 2014 provides practitioners with recommendations for diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis in children.
Based on the findings from the case study was R.S has been a smoker for many years. One of the most significant risk factors for determining COPD is cigarette smoking. In determining this we need to the amount he has smoked as well as how often he has smoked that lead to the chronic bronchitis. What that means is that the airway mainly the bronchi is inflamed. Since it is chronic, which is a specific condition has been occurring for many years. This kind of diagnosis can lead to the coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial vascular disease.
Bronchitis is a swelling in the bronchial tubes. It blocks the airway between the nose and the mouth and the lung. People who have bronchitis have massive trouble breathing and the lungs become inflamed. Thier lungs get filled with mucus and phlegm.
Bronchiolitis is defined by the textbook as, “a diffuse, inflammatory obstruction in the small airways or bronchioles occurring most commonly in children” (Heuther & McCance, 2012). It is an acute inflammatory disease of the lower respiratory tract that occurs most commonly in infants and is caused by infection with seasonal viruses such as respiratory synctial virus (RSV) (Zorc & Hall, 2010). Bronchiolitis often results from an obstruction of the small airways. It is the leading cause of infant hospitalization in the United States (Zorc & Hall 2010) and is arguably the most common significant medical illness of childhood, with at least “1 in 7 normal infants developing symptomatic bronchiolitis in his or her first year of
The Common Cold or Upper Respiratory Infection is as new to man, as is sickness itself. Most Americans at one point or another have come in contact with the Common Cold or have had a Respiratory Infection. Often, the Common Cold or Upper Respiratory Infection occurs during flu or winter season and is transmitted by contact or non-contact. Like other illnesses, this disease can be life threatening if not treated properly and can lead to other serious illness, including death. This disease is often thought of as not being serious; however, it poses a serious threats to all ages. The Common Cold is an infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract, and is caused by a rhinovirus. At the current time, there is no cure for the common cold,
It is characterized by the scarring found inside and between the air sacs in the lungs. When the scar forms, the tissue will become hard and thick. This makes it difficult for oxygen to navigate through the walls of the air sac into the bloodstream This wound can prove to be fatal to the patient because the tissue can’t be repaired, and as a result, causes extreme difficulty with breathing. The causes of pulmonary fibrosis can be many different reasons. Cigarette smoking, certain viral infections and even exposure to environmental pollutants are a few triggers according to Google. But most cases of pulmonary fibrosis have no known cause. These cases are called idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The (ALA), otherwise known as the American lung Association, estimates that roughly ...”140,000 Americans have been diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis”. The disease is more than likely to affect men and women alike, who fall between the ages of 50 to
This paper aims to explore the etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology and the treatment of Bronchiectasis. This disease continues to affect various conditions that tend to affect and even cause damage to the lungs. For this paper, we will also present a variety of research studies, which will show statistics of this condition, and how it is being treated to reduce its effects among patients.
I was only five when it happened but I remember it like today. I had bronchitis but it seemed far worse than normal so my parents took me to the doctors. The doctor gave me a check up and said I should go to the hospital.
Bronchiectasis is a chronic condition of the airways in which the lungs become ineffective at clearing out mucus. Oftentimes, the condition is brought on by another disease or infection that cause the airways to weaken, widen, or become flabby and scarred. The presence of mucus inside the airways can result in the production of infectious bacteria and a possibly fatal infection (Sutton 257). Currently, a single or double lung transplant is the only way to cure bronchiectasis (BE for short), but transplants of major organs can cause many complications – sometimes creating even more problems than they solve – and transplants are not very easily obtainable (What Is…?). Though there is still no true cure for bronchiectasis, research has discovered new advances that aid in the therapy of the condition, including mucoactive, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial therapy, all of which contribute toward a more efficient and more easily procurable means of treatment.
There is not a single type of lung disease, rather the term refers to a number of ailments that afflict the lungs and impede a person's ability to transfer oxygen in and out of the lungs. Some of the most common forms of lung disease are tuberculosis, emphysema, lung cancer, asthma, COPD, chronic bronchitis, and pneumonia. According to the World Health Organization, lung diseases are among the most common ailments in the world, with cases in the United States alone numbering in the tens of millions.
This paper will discuss a case study of Liam, a three-month-old boy who is transferred from the General Practitioner (GP) to paediatric ward with bronchiolitis. Initially, Liam’s chief health issues will be identified, following by nursing assessment and diagnoses of the child’s need. Focus will be made on the management of two major health problems: respiratory distress and dehydration, and summary and evaluation of the interventions with evidence of learning. Lastly, a conclusion of author’s self-evaluation will be present.