BC Au electrode OTFTs based on the process sequence of pentacene/OTS/AP plasma treatment/Au electrode (patterned)/APS/SiO2 was fabricated. The electrical characteristics of OTFTs with plasma treatment showed relatively high performances of devices with a low-contact resistance (Fig. 7). The current crowding effect seen in the output characteristics of the reference device can be responsible for the low performance of the device. [43,44]. In contrast, the fabricated device with 12 kV AP plasma treatment reveals the highest performance including a mobility, an on/off current ratio (Ion/Ioff), Vt, and low subthreshold slope (S) of 0.23 cm2 V-1 S-1, 9.8 × 105, −1.63 V, and of 0.16 mV dec-1 (Table 2). To gain a better understanding of AP plasma treatment on APS affecting their electrical performance, the contact resistance at the BC electrodes for pentacene OTFTs were extracted using the transmission line method [44]. In the linear regime of the output curves, the total resistance (Ron), which is the sum of the channel resistance (RCh) and the contact resistance (RC), is expressed by (1) where W is the channel width, L the channel length, µ the linear mobility on the contact region, Cox the gate oxide capacitance per unit, and VT the threshold voltage. Table 2 shows the width of the normalized contact resistance RcW based on Eq. (1). The extracted RcW were 29 , 66, and 2630 kΩ-cm at VG = −20 V for OTS/AP plasma (12 kV)/APS, OTS/AP plasma (5 kV)/APS, and
The performance of the electrode depends on two important factors namely microstructure and morphology and the effect of doping. These two factors influence the type of cathode materials that can be chosen for the battery. Intercalation and deintercalation happen along particular crystallographic planes and headings, so higher crystallinity enhances terminal
This phenomenon suggest that maximum power is transferred from the coupling port to the DRA when k =1 so in view of it a particular excitation method is selected.
2. Try increasing the resistivity of the resistor, ρ. How does this change the “look” of the resistor? Describe how that relates to the formula you just wrote (direct, indirect relationships, etc.). What happens to the value of “R” (Resistance)? Is this something that can be changed in a resistor that you would buy in a store to use in a circuit?
was derived and a relationship between Vinv and Vc was obtained (see Fig. 2). Applying voltage balance
Theoretical analysis is one of the most significant phases of the project. The high resistance measurement system developed during this project is primarily based
All the data was fitted satisfactorily using the equivalent circuit shown in Fig. 7. Where, Rs, CPE1 and R1 represent solution resistance, a constant- phase element corresponding to the double layer capacitance and the charge transfer resistance, respectively. CPE2 and R2 were added to account for the electrical elements of the outer layer. The following formula expressed the electrode impedance, Z, as follow:
Because of their small size, ISFETs can be miniature diagnosis devices, allowing low sample consumption combined with a rapid response. ISFETs make the selective detection of certain ions in complex samples more efficient and can open
To the above solution 22.3 mg of nonaqueous supporting electrolyte named Tetrabutyl ammonium hexafluorophosphate (Bu4NPF6) was added (approx0.01 M). The Platinum electrode constitutes the working electrode. The Platinum wire and Ag/AgCl (3M KCl) were used as counter and reference electrodes respectively. Differential Pulse Voltammetric measurements were performed at different pulse rates from the potential range of 0.4 to 1.4 V to infer about oxidation and reduction peaks of AMTPAA. The differential pulse voltammogram of AMTPAA showed the reduction peaks at 0.6 V and
1. Explain why this graph differs from the radius plot in the vessle resistance expierment?
V = counted squares (Second column) * (CRO volts per cm (Third column) * 10 ^-3)
Our object is to confirm Ohm’s law by analyzing the dependence of the electrical current as a function of voltage and as a function of resistance. Also, we studied the current flow and voltage in series and parallel. Finally, the lab determined the equivalence resistance of series and parallel combination of resistors and compared the results with theoretical data.
Main role of an Anion ion membrane is to conduct hydroxyl ions at very high rates from the cathode to the anode where reduction and oxidation of O2 and H2 occur. The AEM and its integration with the electrodes form the heart of the alkaline fuel cell. If the transport through the AEM is not sufficiently high and highly selective, the corresponding fuel cell will not find any practical application.
Deposition of hybrid coatings is also possible using AP-PECVD by utilizing vapor of hybrid organic-inorganic monomer and an organic monomer which can result in bringing excellent barrier properties.[44] Also, as it is mentioned in the literature, with AP-PECVD, working with a combination of two precursors with different phases, is possible.[44] Also deposition of thin organic coatings with a biomolecule embedded in them has shown for AP-PECVD.[51, 52]
The object of our topic is the extended studies of I~V characteristics of VMOS with the variation of channel parameters. VMOS transistor is a type of metal oxide semiconductor transistor. VMOS is also used for describing the V-groove shape vertically cut into the sub-strate- material. VMOS, abbreviation for VMOS is vertical metal oxide semiconductor”. In a VMOS current flows from vertically upwards from drain to source. It can be mostly use in power amplification and audio switching, positive temperature coefficient and we can easily operate. It has emerged as the solutions of changing the shape of channel to give the voltage more quickly than the other transistor. We will show how we can make it more efficient and significant by changing drain to source channel shape. We want to extend the idea of VMOS I~V characteristics using other group (iii-iv) materials instead of SiO2, Si and P or changing the structure of gate, source and drain. As it is a bit costly we will try to make it cost effective and reduce the leakage current.
The arrangement and execution enhancement of cathode impetus platinum and impetus layer structure in a proton trade layer power module has been examined by including both electrochemical response and mass transport process. It is discovered that electrochemical responses happen in a thin layer inside a couple of micrometers thick, showing inadequate impetus usage for the present impetus layer outline. The viable utilization of platinum impetus diminishes with expanding current thickness, henceforth bring down loadings of platinum are doable for higher current densities of handy enthusiasm without antagonistic impact on cell execution. The ideal void division for the impetus layer is around 60% and genuinely autonomous of