European Journal of Scientific Research ISSN 1450-216X Vol.27 No.3 (2009), pp.358-371 © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2009 http://www.eurojournals.com/ejsr.htm
Crisis Management- A Case Study on Mumbai Terrorist Attack
Manisha Shekhar Centre for Strategic Analysis & Research Deptt. of Electronics & Communication Dr. M. C. Saxena college of Engg. & Technology, UPTU, Lucknow, India E-mail: manisha.shekhar123@gmail.com Tel: +91-0522-4095700; Fax: +91-0522-4095730 Abstract This paper examined the Indian government intervention in crisis management during 2008, terrorist attack on MUMBAI. Empirical findings show that the intervention of increasing external pressure and internal self awareness forced INDIAN Government to change its crisis
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Coombs (2007a) summaries the research and shows how practice improves a crisis team’s decision making and related task performance.
Models and Theories Associated with Crisis Management
Crisis Management Model Successfully diffusing a crisis requires an understanding of how to handle a crisis – before it occurs. Gonzalez-Herrero and Pratt created a four-phase crisis management model process that includes: issues management, planning-prevention, the crisis, and post-crisis (Gonzalez-Herrero and Pratt, 1995). Management Crisis Planning No nation looks forward to facing a situation that causes a significant disruption to their mass especially one that stimulates extensive media coverage. Public scrutiny can result in a negative financial, political, legal and government impact. Crisis management planning deals with providing the best response to a crisis. (12Manage, 2007)
360 Contingency Planning
Manisha Shekhar
Preparing contingency plans in advance, as part of a crisis management plan, is the first step to ensuring a nation is appropriately prepared for a crisis. Crisis management teams can rehearse a crisis plan by developing a simulated scenario to use as a drill. The plan should clearly stipulate that the only people to speak publicly about the crisis are the designated persons, such as the nation spokesperson or crisis team members. The first hours after a crisis breaks are the most
The objective of this case is to understand the importance of crisis management. This case is intended to make the reader consider not only financial implications at the time of the event but the effects on the long term strategies of the organization. Also, the case urges participants to think about the consequences not only on the customer but on those within the organization as well.
outline of what to do in addition to your channels you are suggesting to deal with crisis. I did some reasearch adn
According to our textbook public relations plays a critical role during chaotic situations. It is of great importance to confront the unfavorable incidents to the public. Crisis communication is a four-step process consisting of: risk assessment, crisis communications planning, response, and recovery. Going back to the NIU shooting incident we can see the steps that were followed to cope with the aftermath. Assistant Vice President for Public Affairs said “the term crisis management is something of an oxymoron, implying as it does that events bringing sudden shock, panic, and chaos can submit to project “management.”Of course, it is imperative for us to have crisis plans in place and for those plans to be practiced on a regular basis (Guth and Marsh, pp.390). She was also awarded the Public Relations Society of America’s “Best of the Silver Anvil” (Guth and Marsh,
Additionally, the plan should include the protocols notifying team members, school staff, students, parents, and the community about a crisis situation. The crisis response team may consist of the principal, school resource officers, school counselors, teachers, school psychologist, school social worker, school nurse, and mental health counselors. School plans should include steps to be taken to prevent further harm as well as a referral network for students and their families in need of mental health counseling (Sheeley & Herily, 1989). School crisis response teams need to determine which crisis events are likely to require a team response and develop plans to deal with them. The following types of crisis would typically require a team response: the death of a student or a staff member, a major environmental crisis or natural disaster, and/or a situation that involves a threat to the physical safety of students. For schools to effectively address the many issues that typically arise during a crisis, a preplanned, systematic organizational model to direct decisions is
Each member should only communicate approved messages. The primary group of participants that should be informed about the crisis are internal stakeholders, such as students, faculty, staff, and trustees. Secondary groups would include parents, alumni, elected officials, and the media. The following lists these groups in notification priority and the specific person responsible for crisis communication:
Ever since the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Centers and the Pentagon, the government took time in order to do an After Actions Review (AAR) on what occurred, what caused it, what actions were taken, and what can be done in order to correct the mistakes that took place? One of the issues that occurred was all of the agencies and private sectors failure to have a plan/template to use in case of a crisis occurring. After the Gilmore Commission put out their report on the lessons learned from September 11, 2001, in 2003, the government created the National Incident Management System to facilitate this issue (Walsh, 2012, p.3-4).
These decisions makers have defined what the organizations mission is and are constantly working towards it. Realizing that crisis management must be more than mere lip-service, leaders develop training programs around various crisis situations and drill often on various scenarios that could envelop any organization. While training leaders stress working “smarter”, managing their training time around obsessive planning for numerous crisis events means being better prepared when an actual disaster
For several years we have had several issues with the increasing number of operating staple of medical training for centuries. Resident physicians routinely worked 90–100 hours per week, for up to 36 consecutive hours without rest, for the entire duration of residency training. (Dhruv Khullar, 2017) A surgical resident working that many hours puts our facility at a great risk for human error, which in this case is resulting in operating room deaths. We are now experiencing an internal crisis, which is an event that is isolated within a facility.
To begin, problems are hard to be recognized by important people in the legal system. Government pay more attention to some problems over others because they have indicators telling them which one is important. Indicators are in form of rate or numbers, problem recognition become significant when there is a big shift within the data. Also, it cost money to pay those people who collect data to for evidences that an issue is an issue. Sometimes, politicians’ will considered a crisis or a disaster as their main problem if it happens. Most of the time, the government will manage the policy-making in incrementalism way. Instead of following the normal agenda, politicians will pass the most burning issues. The best example of a crisis is an event that was all over the news and in the social media like the airplane in the Indian Ocean.
An effective crisis management response plan outlines specific procedures for administrator, teachers, and students during evacuation emergencies. Administrators work with teachers, students, parents, law enforcement officers, business and community members, to develop an effective emergency and crises plan. The administrator provides leadership in developing and monitoring the school safety plan and also establishes procedures for emergency evacuation and crisis management at different stages of the plan. However, an effective leader develops a comprehensive prevention education plan, and regularly reviews the code of conduct manual for revisions and current laws.
What is a crisis management? It is an unexpected crisis that happens on the company that will affect the trust and loyalty of the stakeholder. It can be extremely costly because it will affect the company reputation and brand. For example like financial failure from poor business management, workplace violence, fires, cybercrime, computer viruses, product tampering or union strikes and other external issue like damaged economy that causes from London bombings, terrorists attacks on 11 September and others. The SHRM 2005 report indicates that only 56% organizations created or revised their disaster preparedness plans but 45% did not after the terrorist attacked on
The effective contingency plan should only include the high-priority items and it should be as simple as possible. The purpose for the contingency plans is to response quickly when there are changes of an organization’s current strategy. For example, the predefined strategy is based on some assumptions about the economy but the outcome is not what the organization assumed, the contingency plan can support the organization to react promptly. The effective contingency planning includes a seven step process. First, Identify both beneficial and unfavorable events that could possibly derail the strategy. This step includes the development of the formal contingency planning policy statement in order to provide it to relevant stakeholders the authority and guideline that required developing the effective contingency plan. Policy will be published when executive confirms it. To gather the high-level business requirements, define scope and allocating project resources. Second, Specify trigger points and calculate about when contingent events are likely to occur. It involves the Business Impact Analysis (BIA) to identify threat scenarios, prioritize key business processes and critical systems for business continuity. Executive approval on those choices of the critical business functions and the priority to recover during the disaster. Third, Assess the
The objective of this study was to develop a strategic contingency planning model to be used to fully incorporate emergency management and business continuity into organization structures. (For the purpose of this study, Emergency Management and Business Continuity were collectively referred to as “contingency planning.”) Presently, contingency planning is mainly done on an operational or tactical level. Current thinking suggests that contingency planning should be an active part of organizations’ overall strategic planning processes as well. Organizations will ultimately be better prepared for future disasters and crises.
The response to any emergency is considered to be very critical and therefore should be as efficient as possible. In the healthcare sector, responses to situations are counted by the seconds. From natural disasters to epidemics, the only chance left to respond to any of this occurrence could only be counted in seconds. That means life is either saved or lost in a matter of seconds. Putting in place certain responses to these unexpected occurrences, such as crises management communication plan, help save lives and arrest crises from aggravating. Failure to have crises management communication plan is considered by many commentators to be a crisis in itself. Accepted medical care is highly dependent on effective communication between healthcare providers and the patients; among healthcare providers and the outside world. The characteristics of crises make it necessary for prior planning and effective communication among stakeholders in the health sector (Klaene and Sanders, 2006; Ronen, 2006).
This report outlines the current crisis situation and provides a range of crisis communication strategies and methodologies that are suggested for use immediately.