Hip Fractures In Elderly

Patients that experience hip fractures will die within a year. Many of these fractures are due to immobility according to assessment and Management of Clinical Problems (1788). Many falls occur in the older adult population and usually age over 60. Hip fractures not only happen with falls but also can come from blunt trauma to the hip, car accident, disease like osteoporosis and obesity can all be a major concern to hip fractures. The video talks about the common hip joint site are dislocation. Hip fracture may involve both vascular and bony damage to the body. Hip fractures are determined by atomic location of the fracture. These common fractures occur at the head of the femur, neck and greater trochanter. Over my twenty years of health care experience I have witness patients going through some difficult physical therapy. Many patients do not bounce back and many give up because the rehab is so

Nearly 10 % of falls are followed by serious injuries including fractures, head injury and injuries to the soft tissues. About 2% of falls result in hip fracture, which is among the leading cause of long-term disability and admission to nursing homes. Interestingly more than 90% of hip fractures, which are one of the most expensive surgical diseases to manage, are caused by

Osteoporosis is an age related disorder, more common in females compared to males. Osteoporosis is defined as a “skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength predisposing to increased risk of fractures (Manolagaas, 2014). Osteoporosis is defined as “a disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue (What is osteoporosis?2014). Osteoporosis is sometimes also referred as “silent thief” as the bone loss occurs very slowly and silently without any symptoms (Osteoporosis facts & statistics.2014). The most common site for fracture due to osteoporosis is hip followed by humerus (Woltman & den Hoed, 2010) . Osteoporosis can occur at any age, although it is a disorder common in females (especially post-menopausal females). Everyone is prone to osteoporosis (Osteoporosis facts & statistics.2014). According to Osteoporosis Canada, 1 in 3 Canadian females and 1 in 5 Canadian males may suffer fractures due to osteoporosis during their lifetime (Osteoporosis facts & statistics.2014). Canadian health care system spends 1.2 billion dollars for the acute hospitalization caused by osteoporosis and in 2010 the health care system spent 3.9 billion dollars for the total treatment of osteoporosis (Osteoporosis facts & statistics.2014). Osteoporosis can be screened and diagnosed by various methods; however the dual energy x ray absorptiometry (DXA) is commonly used. If the T-score values are less than -1 and greater than -2.5SD it is termed as osteopenia,

The rate of hip fractures is two to three times higher in women than men, however the one year mortality following a hip frcture is nearly twice as high for men as for women.(Mayo clinic center). In 1991, about 300,000 Americans age 45 and over wer admitted to the hospital with hip fractures osteroprosis was the underlying cause of most of these injuries. An average of 24% of hip fracture patients age 50 and over die in the year following their fracture. One-fourth of those who were ambulatory before their hip fracture require long-term caar afterward.

Osteoporosis is a loss of bone mineral density often associated with old age, leading to bone fragility and fracture. Because the bones are weakened, such fractures can result from relatively minor traumas such as carrying grocery bags or even a sneeze! Fractures to the hip can be due to a fall and can significantly compromise quality of life and ability to walk. Statistics show that 1 in 4 American women and 1 in 8 American men over 50 have osteoporosis. This is a very disheartening statistic considering that osteoporosis is a largely preventable condition. Osteoporosis is also usually clinically silent until a fracture occurs, so it can go unnoticed for years. This is why bone density scans (DEXA scans) are often recommended to postmenopausal women.

Fragility fracture is occasionally the first presentation of osteoporosis. The incidence of osteoporosis-related fractures has been reported to increase with age and over 50% of the incidents occurring in menopausal women aged > 75 years. Vertebral column and hip are the most common site of fracture contributing to a significant morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Additionally, patients with a history of a fracture have a higher chance of encountering future fractures (Anders et al. 2007).

Nearly 55 million Americans are estimated to have osteoporosis, making it one of the most common diseases among American seniors. According to the Centers for Disease Control, 50 percent of women and 25 percent of men over the age of 50 will end up a broken bone as a result of osteoporosis. In fact, according to May Clinic,

“Worldwide, osteoporosis causes more than 8.9 million fractures annually, resulting in an osteoporotic fracture every 3 seconds” (Johnell, 2006 ). Making Osteoporosis a severe musculoskeletal disease. We will cover any the expected findings, signs and symptoms that you will find upon your assessment. It will also cover the routes of treatments, medications and preventive measures to emphasize to your client and the results and complications that can arise if these rules cannot be met. It will conclude with detailed nursing interventions as well as risks and what to express to your client upon discharge.

Osteoporosis is translated from the Greek and literally means “porous bone “ .It is the most common chronic, metabolic bone disease in the U.S.A, resulting in osteopenia and fractures in spine , hip and wrist. In addition osteoporosis is progressive, and the skeletal fragility often leads to disabling fractures (hip fractures) and even death. Primary osteoporosis is a result of aging, whereas secondary osteoporosis occurs at any age, is a consequence to certain medication as well as diseases.

Osteoporosis makes bones weak and brittle; fragile bones can easily be fractured. With osteoporosis, a fall or mild stresses cause a fracture. Most of the Osteoporosis-related injuries are in the region of the hip, wrist or the spine (). Bone is constantly being synthesis and broken down for replaced. Osteoporosis is the result of the lack of reproduction of new bone. Osteoporosis can be seen in men and women of all races. Medications, healthy diet and weight-bearing exercise can prevent bone loss or strengthen already weak bones (Mayo Clinic, 2016).

According to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, a fracture is a fancy term for a broken bone. A bone can be completely or partially broken in a number of different directions and ways. The type of fracture is determined by the direction and severity of the break (lengthwise, crosswise, broken into many pieces, pierced the skin, etc.).

Fragility fracture is occasionally the first presentation of osteoporosis. The incidence of osteoporosis-related fractures has been reported to increase with age and over 50% of the incidents occurring in menopausal women aged > 75 years. Vertebral column and hip are the most common site of fracture contributing to a significant morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Additionally, patients with an episode of fracture has a higher chance for future fracture.

Osteoporosis, or thinning bones, can result in painful fractures. Risk factors for osteoporosis include aging, being female, low body weight, low sex hormones or menopause, smoking, and some medications. Prevention and treatment include calcium and vitamin D, exercise, and osteoporosis medications.

Etiology: The most frequent causes of hip fractures in elderly are falls and slips. Also, elderly people are susceptible because bones tend to weaken due to loss of calcium. Medications

Fracture is a common incidence in both children and adults. Yearly, about 1.5 million fracture cases related to osteoporosis are recorded in the United States (Gass and Dawson-Hughes, 2006).Most fractures in adults occur mainly at old age and it has been linked to low bone mineral density (BMD), a fall or osteoporosis(Karlsson et al., 2013).