3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
The focus of this study is to assess the effect Lagos metropolitan expansion has had on peripheral settlements. This chapter deals with collection of data. It discusses the techniques used in the research. This chapter presents the general outline or procedure for conducting the study. It discussed the restatement of the research questions, research design, and population of the study, area of the study, sampling design, technique and procedures, method of data collection, instrument of data collection and method of data analysis.
3.3 RESEARCH DESIGN
Research design is the plan, the structure and strategy of investigation conceived as to obtain answer to research question and to
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• Social Survey: In social surveys, one need to know many basic facts in relation to planning, which have universal applications e.g. has there been any significant expansion of urban settlement into the peripheral settlement? Are infrastructures provided for in the peripheral settlement of choice? What effect has this expansion had on the infrastructural provision and conditions of the settlement?
Primary data were also gotten from direct field observation. It is more intimate and yields precise evidence on particular aspects of the problem under investigation.
3.3.2 SECONDARY DATA
Basically, secondary data can be found in
1. Various reports of survey carried out for those areas;
2. The library and its resource
3. Previous planning schemes, maps and data
4. Internet resources, and
5. Journals
3.6 Sampling size and Sampling procedure
3.6.1 Sample frame
Ota has a total of 13,527 buildings divided into 12 zones with a population of 526,565 which make up the sample frame for this research work. The sampling procedure to be employed in the distribution of the questionnaires to the respondent households in the selected buildings is the systematic random sampling method. This is the method of selecting sample at regular interval. This method is employed based on the settlement pattern of chosen settlements.
The questionnaires are designed for collecting relevant data on the social, economic,
What kind of result was found by the research design? Compare the effectiveness of the survey research to the other subordinate data, experimentation or observation in the perspective of gathering information for this project.
Since there is limited intervention possible for these densely and ill-structured suburbs of Accra like Jamestown, Chorkor and Bukom, it is very important that for the now developing areas, measures will be taken to forestall such inconveniences to the society in the future. With the goal of a middle income status in mind, the government can undertake the building of a model town like Abuja in Nigeria where the overall structure will be supervised and developed by the town and country planning authority. The other alternative is for the government to direct the owners of lands- especially stool lands, to make provisions for structures like schools, clinics, community centres, etc.
Research design gives the adhesive that binds the research project together. A design is utilized to structure the research, to indicate all of the main parts of the research project, the samples or groups, measures, treatments or programs, and methods of task work together to endeavour to depict the focal point of the research questions (Trochim 2002). Implementing the research design entails actually doing the writing bit of all the master plan designed. This session 8 would discuss the implementation of the blue print, Define research choices; analysing research strategies; adopting appropriate research design methodologies, and specify the kind of research to be done and the clearest and simplest way of achieving the stated outcomes.
All over the globe today, urban areas are vulnerable to the growing impact of gentrification. Reason being is because, as the cost of living rises in many urban areas unlike never before, then those urban areas are needed to be diversified. It can also be looked at as a housing, economic, and health issue that has a great effect on an area’s history, culture and can ultimately reduce social capital. The only way for gentrification to emerge is if it is under the impact of various factors. Factors include social, economic, and the process of globalization, these all bring forth consistent changes in urban development. If an urban area is noticeably changed because of gentrification methods then policy makers are forced to either speed up and slow down the process.
Through the understanding of the elements involved in a research paper, a person can obtain the ability to complete good research. In research there are two questions asked; what is going on for descriptive research and why is it going on for explanatory research. The research design is simply the theory building approach to research. Although research design is the hardest part of research it is vital for research to be guided.
Urban sprawl causes the population in urban areas to become larger, however, this comes with a cost. Urban sprawl has countless negative effects on the
The contents of this chapter contains the research methodology of the project. As such, within this chapter the outline of the research strategy, the research method, the research approach, the data collection methods, sample selection, the form of data analysis, any ethical considerations and the research limitations are discussed.
In my research, I am going to use the qualitative method design. This method will allow me to conduct my study by means of interviews, observations, field investigations, and questionnaires. Research is something you agree to explore and find responses. Research question is the initial step that activate the research. Connelly (2015) asserted that a research question emphasizes on the topic that is designed for study, who were under study, and what the researcher intended to learn about them. Research question must be answered by agreeing and deciding the appropriate way to respond to questions. Collection of information that satisfy the research is necessary; finally findings must be presented to others.
Also discussed in this chapter are procedures for sampling, survey instruments employed, procedures and sources for collecting data, and the statistical methods used to analyze collected data.
1 For each of the below objectives create a research Design/Plan and Research Rationale –
The aim of this chapter is to provide analysis of the quantitative data collected during the scope of this investigation. The overall focus of this chapter is to use spatial correlation approach towards the analysis and subsequent highlighting of key findings.
The research designed used in this article is the descriptive research design. The study involves the examination of variables of interest and conducting trend analysis.
In developed and developing countries, urban centers have been an alternative center for human settlement and hence, the rate of urbanization is increasing at the turn of this century. Recent studies indicate that at the beginning of the twentieth century, only 10% of the world’s population lived in urban areas. However, currently, half of the world’s population has become urban dwellers (UNCHS, 2002). This shows that urbanization all over the world is expanding from time to time and the change has vast implication on the living conditions of the urban society. Due to rapid urbanization, the concentration of people especially, in cities and towns of developing countries increasingly aggravated the problem of housing. A large proportion of residents in cities and towns developed as well as developing countries are tenants (UN-HABITAT, 2003).
The benefits of metropolitan growth are rising property values, increasing business opportunities and industrial productions. Property owners have created a unique system that determines who wins and lose with metropolitan growth from 1930s to 1970s. Various studies that had been conducted regarding the development of metropolitan areas, specially in the United States, identified various factors that played an important role in fostering these developments. Some of these factors include; crime, race, immigration, and design assimilation. It is, therefore, significant to understand the benefits of metropolitan growth, who reaps them, the cost of metropolitan growth, and who is responsible for costs.
DEVELOP - median household income, percent of the labour force employed, population change, assessed valuation per capita (property valuation)