Informed Decision-Making Process Analysis

The reality of today’s world is that ICTs have become an increasing feature in all spheres of our lives be it private or public. The sphere of public administration has not escaped this reality, as the adoption of ICTs in my view has been a creature of policy transfer from the private sector and developed countries.

Informed decision-making is an important aspect for working in the government. According to Milakovich and Gordon, provide some examples of how information technology can be used to assist bureaucrats in decision-making?

This book views technology as something that has both advantages and disadvantages. Apart from enhancing communication through the facilitation of information exchange, technology has also brought with itself a

Informed decision-making is an important aspect for working in the government. According to Milakovich and Gordon, provide some examples of how information technology can be used to assist bureaucrats in decision-making?

With any company the goal is to increase your sales and to decrease your cost at the same time. This can be somewhat of a challenge and can take time to achieve. Our goal was to increase our sales and decrease our production costs. Over the years our sales increased, as our sales increased so did our production costs. The demand was increasing so we improved and increased the amount of product that we made. Over all our net income increased. In year six it was $61,278, year seven was $68,237, year eight was $73,585, and year nine was $90,805. Our expenses fluctuated over the years, but we were consistent in increasing our profit.

Information technology has advanced in multiple ways in society, where organizations has implement the structure into their work environment. Industries have outsource their manufacturing to other places in the world and rely on telecommunication to keep the marketing. The geographic distribution has changed significantly by reducing the distance it takes to complete an operation, due to information technology. These are just a couple of examples of how this advanced technology has reshape our society and continuing.

Technology has provided us with many opportunities. It has allowed us to achieve many feats and shatter expectations, as well doing something as simple as make our making lives easier or more comfortable. Of course, like many things, many people point out that there are downsides to technology. Although it may seem as though technology is socially isolating us, it actually allows us to connect with each other in many different ways.

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The option of internet simply limited by prevailing social structures and the worth or value society has for it. In this way technology is never neutral; it promotes certain institutions over others. For example, technology promotes governments whose interests are not the people but how the role of the internet can benefit themselves. Technology, the physical and organizational enabler; without appropriate technology, there would be no globalisation because through technology we extend social control across the dimensions of space and time. It plays an important role in modern society that impact many things. Most observers argue that technology, a force for integration, makes the world a smaller, better place. However, some may argue it distances people in different parts of the world away, both economically and politically. Important to remember that technology "is not an object, it is always a means to an end" (Rybczynski 1983, 213). The message here, remember this and use it wisely instead of for personal foolish reasons. Likewise, people choose globalization, not imposed, like some deus ex machina.

The goals of this Information Systems Decision-Making paper will be to reflect that the writer has developed

Improvement efforts should be primarily focused on fighting the digital divide in the population to achieve more digital inclusion. This would not only reduce social inequality, but would also increase the efficiency of E-government overall, since more people would be able to access its services online. Other efforts should be directed towards improving legal, regulatory and budgetary inflexibility in their framework to facilitate the further implementation of E-government applications. New laws on how to protect and secure data must be constituted to ensure the viability of E-government in the future. Lastly, the empowerment of the citizens should be addressed more directly and attributed a higher priority. Ultimately, E-government should lead to the empowerment of citizens in all branches of public

Building block two: the use of information technology systems in large government are large and expensive, and experience has shown that some systems have been costly and disastrous failures (Borins, 2006). Information technology is widely considered as a way of innovation, but with the technologic advancement it has been a challenge for government.

Information and communication technology has largely changed people’s life in the modern world. For example, studying abroad was too difficult to achieve in the past because of the long time taken information delivery and transportation. However, now these problems can easily solved by online information, email and online commercial without leaving room. ICT makes progressive for the efficient for the public services providing through cutting the services providing cost, enhancing the efficiency of the government and e-participation for citizens to take part in the election in a more transparent way. E-government is defined by Kettani and Moulin (2014) as ‘a process of reform in the way governments work, share information and deliver services to external and internal clients’. The UN identified e-government as ‘utilizing the internet and the world wide web for delivering government information and services to citizens’ (UN, 2003). The first wave of office automation between 1960s and 1970s allowed massive reductions by cutting clerical jobs, the second wave of automation changes in the 1980s and 1990s reflecting the introduction of more complicated IT-based procedures (Dunleavy, 2006:18). This essay will explore ways how ICT promote public services in developed and developing countries and list suggestions to use IT systems efficiently.

In today's public sector environment virtually all federal, state and local government use computers. Computerization has streamlined repetitive processes, promoting a more cost effective and efficient use of information technology. " Studies suggest that managers look to information technology to streamline work processes, enable easier access and retrieval of information, provide better products and services, save money by avoiding workforce expansion, speed up transactions and provide better data security."[iii]

Inventions such as Government digital services are faced with challenges that incur as a result of the invention. Due to the nature of government Digital service being a unit of government cabinet one major challenge it faces is the culture of department silos and their relationships with the IT ‘oligarchs’. “ Success in innovation appears to depend upon two key ingredients- technical resources (people, equipment, knowledge, money and etc.) and the capabilities in the organization to manage them.” (Joe Tidd j. B.)