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John Cabot, An Englishman Essay

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With increasing number of voyages taking place in 15th century in order to look for a shorter path to China, John Cabot, an Englishman, was arguably the first one to reach Newfoundland in 1497. He set out for another voyage for North America in 1498 but was lost at the sea. However, the first Frenchman to reach Newfoundland was Jaques Cartier, who finally arrived in 1534, and in 1535 and 1536, Cartier was able to reach what later became Montreal and Quebec. Champlain was another Frenchman, who, in 1608, successfully managed to set up a settlement in Quebec. He is also said to have “opened up St Lawrence river and extended French influence throughout the Great Lake basin.” Champlain, along with Pierre du Gua de Monts, is also known to have made an attempt to establish a settlement in Acadia in 1604, which had to be aborted in the winter as 36 men died of scurvy. After a lot of other problems that the French colonisers had to face, finally, a settlement was established at Port Royal (capital of Acadia) in 1610. But the French colony did not go unchallenged for long. Sir William Alexander petitioned James I, who was originally James VI of Scotland, for a Scottish colony in Canada. James I responded favourably and the “Royal Charter of 1621, to Sir William Alexander” laid out land for this settlement. The charter also mentioned that this settlement was to be called Nova Scotia (“New Scotland” in Gaelic). However, Nova Scotia was supposed to be exactly where Acadia was.

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