Microscopic And One Celled Organisms

Imagine if someone approached you and said that nothing in this world exists? Now, you can believe that this person is crazy, and that this individual has no right to say nonsense. An argument can be made that things do exist because we exist. We wake up, whether we want to or not, progress through the day, go to sleep, and repeat the process until our lives come to an end. Those who are religious argue God created man and everything around, and that what we distinguish now. Those who oppose the religious statement argue the idea of evolution and we all originate from a single celled organism. Each of these statements are limited for their justifications are supported by religion or science. Philosophically, both of these statements are

In conclusion, parasitic hairworms cause grasshoppers’ deaths by controlling their central nervous systems. Also, biologists have discovered that the parasites control the central nervous systems by injecting the hosts with a cocktail of chemicals. Scientists have used this information to learn more about the relationship between parasites and hosts. Because of these findings, the development of new medical treatments may be possible. Not only do hairworms illustrate this behavior, other living creatures do

contaminated water or food
17. For each pathway listed in question #16, explain the relationship of the mode of transmission to the virulence of the invader.

Parasites are plants or animals that derive benefit from the metabolism of other plants or animals at the expense of the host and without providing some benefit to the host in return.

Malaria: However, those who inherit just one copy of the mutation do not suffer too badly; in fact, they are resistant to malaria which defined as an infective disease caused by sporozoan parasites that are transmitted through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito; marked by paroxysms of chills and fever. The discovery told geneticists much about evolution and how harmful mutations can increase to relatively high levels within a population provided they confer some advantage. By understanding how

Fever, swelling around initial infection site, parasites in blood, sometimes asymptomatic, rarely debilitating or life threatening problems can occur.

1. Compare and contrast directional selection and disruptive selection and provide an example of each.

There are two main types of cells in the world. The simplest cells such as bacteria are known as Prokaryotic cells, and human cells are known as Eukaryotic cells. The main difference between each of these cells is that a eukaryotic cell has a nucleus and a membrane bound section in which the cell holds the main DNA which are building blocks of life.

Parasitism: A relationship where an organism such as a parasite is dependent on a host.

The purpose of this study is to identify four unknown organisms. The unknown organisms have been assigned randomly to six-research groups by Professor Hoffman. Each research group was provided two eukaryotes and two prokaryotes. The unknown organisms will fall into the following classifications: bacteria, algae, fungi, or protozoans. All living organisms are organized into one of three domains of life, Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

A communicable disease chain is the mechanism by which an infective agent or pathogen is transmitted. The chain requires an infective agent, a source of infection, a mode of transmission and a host. An example of an infective agent could be bacteria, a virus, fungus, protozoan or helminth. The source of infective agents can be transmission from host to host, an infected human or animal, insects, soil or livestock. The mode of transmission is how the infective agent is carried from host to host. Transmission can be by air, ingestion or physical contact. To complete a life cycle or to replicate, the infective agent requires a host.

protozoa or worms that inhabit the large intestine. These live off the bowel content or the blood of

An example of this would be a host who is an African American woman. The agent is type II diabetes or insulin resistance. The environment is a family history of diabetes along with poor diet, sedentary lifestyle and obesity. The interplay of the factors of agent, host and environment would result in the host developing type II diabetes.

Biological transmission occurs when the pathogen reproduces within a biological vector that transmits the pathogen from one host to another . Arthropods are the main vectors responsible for biological transmission. For example, hemipterans (called “kissing bugs” or “assassin bugs”) transmit Chagas disease to humans by defecating when they bite, after which the hu-man scratches or rubs the infected feces into a mucous membrane or break in the

ment, which encourages the activation rate of the primitive parasite. Furthermore, the fluctuating external environment together with a high chance of predation accelerate the mortality rate of free-living individuals and promote obligate parasitism. In general, ob- ligate parasitism is a common trend once the primitive parasite benefits more by forming an association with a host. Nevertheless, facultative parasitism may easily arise; perhaps no harder than obligate parasitism, especially with a non-zero deactivation rate, which is associated with the capacity to go into diapause. Interestingly, many parasitic infective stages are suggested to be equivalent to the diapause stage of the free-living counterparts of the parasites. This so-called